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`2^n C_n ^0+2^[n-1] C_n ^1+2^[n-2] +... +C_n ^n=59049`
`<=>(2+1)^n=59049`
`<=>3^n=59049`
`<=>n=10 =>(2x^2+1/[x^3])^10`
Xét số hạng thứ `k+1:`
`C_10 ^k (2x^2)^[10-k] (1/[x^3])^k ,0 <= k <= 10`
`=C_10 ^k 2^[10-k] x^[20-5k]`
Số hạng chứa `x_5` xảy ra `<=>20-5k=5<=>k=3`
Với `k=3` thì số hạng cần tìm là: `C_10 ^3 2^[10-3] x^5=15360 x^5`
Với k \(\in\)N* ; ta có : \(kC_n^k=k.\dfrac{n!}{\left(n-k\right)!k!}=\dfrac{n!}{\left(n-k\right)!\left(k-1\right)!}=\dfrac{n\left(n-1\right)!}{\left[n-1-\left(k-1\right)\right]!\left(k-1\right)!}=nC_{n-1}^{k-1}\)
Khi đó : \(C_n^1+2C_n^2+...+nC^n_n\) = \(\Sigma^n_{k=1}nC^{k-1}_{n-1}\)
= \(n\left(C_{n-1}^0+C_{n-1}^1+...+C_{n-1}^{n-1}\right)\) \(=n.\left(1+1\right)^{n-1}=n.2^{n-1}\) ( đpcm )
Ta có:
\(k.C_n^k=k.\dfrac{n!}{\left(n-k\right)!.k!}=n.\dfrac{\left(n-1\right)!}{\left(n-1-\left(k-1\right)\right)!\left(k-1\right)!}=n.C_{n-1}^{k-1}\)
Do đó:
\(1C_n^1+2C_n^2+...+nC_n^n\)
\(=n.C_{n-1}^0+nC_{n-1}^1+...+n\left(C_{n-1}^{n-1}\right)\)
\(=n\left(C_{n-1}^0+C_{n-1}^1+...+C_{n-1}^{n-1}\right)\)
\(=n.2^{n-1}\)
a, \(sin\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot sinx-cos\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot sin^2x+1-2cos^2\cdot\left(\dfrac{\pi}{4}-\dfrac{x}{2}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot sinx-cos\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot sin^2x+1-2\cdot\left[1+cos2\cdot\left(\dfrac{\pi}{4}-\dfrac{x}{2}\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot sinx-cos\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot sin^2x+1-1-cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}-x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\dfrac{s}{2}\cdot sinx-cos\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot sin^2x-sinx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sinx\cdot\left(sin\dfrac{x}{2}-sinx\cdot cos\dfrac{x}{2}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx=0\text{ (1) }\\sin\dfrac{x}{2}-sinx\cdot cos\dfrac{x}{2}-1=0\text{ (2) }\end{matrix}\right.\)
(1) : \(sinx=0\Leftrightarrow x=k\pi\left(k\in Z\right)\)
(2) : \(sin\dfrac{x}{2}-sinx\cdot cos\dfrac{x}{2}-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\dfrac{x}{2}-cos\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot2sin\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot cos\dfrac{x}{2}-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\dfrac{x}{2}-2sin\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot cos^2\dfrac{x}{2}-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\dfrac{x}{2}-2sin\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot\left(1-sin^2\dfrac{x}{2}\right)-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\dfrac{x}{2}-2sin\dfrac{x}{2}+2sin^3\dfrac{x}{2}-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sin^3\dfrac{x}{2}-sin\dfrac{x}{2}-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\dfrac{x}{2}=1\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\pi+k4\pi\left(k\in Z\right)\)
b, \(tanx-3cotx=4\cdot\left(sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{sinx}{cosx}-\dfrac{3cos}{sinx}=4\cdot\left(sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{sin^2x-3cos^2x}{sinx-cosx}=4\cdot\left(sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin^2x-3cos^2x=4\cdot\left(sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)\cdot sinx\cdot cosx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(sinx-\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)\cdot\left(sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)=4\left(sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)\cdot sinx\cdot cosx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)\cdot\left[\left(sinx-\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)-4sinx\cdot cosx\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx=0\text{ (1) }\\sinx-\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx-4sinx\cdot cosx=0\text{ (2) }\end{matrix}\right.\)
(1) : \(sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}sinx+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cosx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\dfrac{\pi}{3}\cdot sinx+sin\dfrac{\pi}{3}\cdot cosx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\cdot\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}=k\pi\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-\pi}{3}+k\pi\left(k\in Z\right)\)
(2) : \(sinx-\sqrt{3}cosx-4sinx\cdot cosx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sinx-\sqrt{3}cos=2sin2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}sinx-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cos2=sin2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\dfrac{\pi}{3}-sinx-sin\dfrac{\pi}{3}\cdot cosx=sin2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\cdot\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=sin2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=2x+k2\pi\\x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\pi-2x+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\x=\dfrac{4\pi}{9}+\dfrac{k2\pi}{3}\left(k\in Z\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét khai triển:
\(\left(1+x\right)^n=C_n^0+C_n^1x+C_n^2x^2+...+C_n^nx^n\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(1+x\right)^n=C_n^0x+C_n^1x^2+C_n^2x^3+...+C_n^nx^{n+1}\)
Đạo hàm 2 vế:
\(\left(1+x\right)^n+nx\left(1+x\right)^{n-1}=C_n^0+2C_n^1x+3C_n^2x^2+...+\left(n+1\right)C_n^nx^n\)
Thay \(x=1\)
\(\Rightarrow2^n+n.2^{n-1}=1+2C_n^1+3C_n^2+...+\left(n+1\right)C_n^n\)
\(\Rightarrow2^{n-1}\left(2+n\right)-1=111\)
\(\Rightarrow2^{n-1}\left(2+n\right)=112=2^4.7\)
\(\Rightarrow n=5\)
\(\left(x^2+\dfrac{2}{x}\right)^5=\sum\limits^5_{k=0}C_5^kx^{2k}.2^{5-k}.x^{k-5}=\sum\limits^5_{k=0}C_5^k.2^{5-k}.x^{3k-5}\)
\(3k-5=4\Rightarrow k=3\Rightarrow\) hệ số: \(C_5^3.2^2\)
Xét khai triển:
\(\left(3-x\right)^n=C_n^0.3^n+C_n^1.3^{n-1}.\left(-x\right)^1+...+C_n^n\left(-x\right)^n\)
Thế \(x=1\) vào ta được:
\(2^n=3^nC_n^0-3^{n-1}C_n^1+...+\left(-1\right)^nC_n^n\)
\(\Rightarrow2^n=2048=2^{11}\Rightarrow n=11\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1-u_1q^2+u_1q^4=65\\u_1+u_1q^6=325\end{matrix}\right.\)
Chia vế cho vế ta được:
\(\frac{q^6+1}{q^4-q^2+1}=5\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(q^2+1\right)\left(q^4-q^2+1\right)}{q^4-q^2+1}=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow q^2=4\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}q=2\\q=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow u_1=\frac{325}{q^6+1}=5\)