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\(C_6H_5OH + NaOH \to C_6H_5ONa + H_2O\\ n_{C_6H_5OH} = 0,2.0,3 = 0,06(mol)\\ n_{H_2} = \dfrac{0,896}{22,4} = 0,04(mol)\\ 2C_6H_5OH + 2Na \to 2C_6H_5ONa + H_2\\ 2C_2H_5OH + 2Na \to 2C_2H_5ONa + H_2\\ 2n_{H_2} = n_{C_6H_5OH} + n_{C_2H_5OH}\\ \Rightarrow n_{C_2H_5OH} = 0,04.2 - 0,06 = 0,02(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m = 0,06.94 + 0,02.46 = 6,56(gam)\)
\(C_6H_5OH + NaOH \to C_6H_5ONa + H_2O\\ n_{C_6H_5OH}= n_{NaOH} = 0,4.0,3 = 0,12(mol)\\ 2C_6H_5OH + 2Na \to 2C_6H_5ONa +H_2\\ 2C_2H_5OH + 2Na \to 2C_2H_5ONa + H_2\\ n_{H_2} =\dfrac{1}{2}n_{C_6H_5OH} + \dfrac{1}{2}n_{C_2H_5OH} = 0,06 + \dfrac{1}{2}n_{C_2H_5OH} = \dfrac{3,584}{22,4} = 0,16(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{C_2H_5OH} = 0,2\\ \Rightarrow m_A = 0,12.94 + 0,2.46 = 20,48(gam) \)
a)
$Zn + 4HNO_3 \to Zn(NO_3)_2 + 2NO_2 + 2H_2O$
$Cu + 4HNO_3 \to Cu(NO_3)_2 + 2NO_2 + 2H_2O$
b)
Gọi $n_{Zn} = a(mol) ; n_{Cu} = b(mol)$
Ta có :
$65a + 64b = 3,23$
$n_{NO_2} = 2a + 2b = 0,1$
$\Rightarrow a = 0,03 ; b = 0,02$
$\%m_{Zn} = \dfrac{0,03.65}{3,23}.100\% = 60,37\%$
$\%m_{Cu} = 100\% -60,37\% = 39,63\%$
c)
$n_{HNO_3} = 2n_{NO_2} = 0,2(mol)$
$C_{M_{HNO_3}} = \dfrac{0,2}{0,1} = 2M$
$m_{Zn(NO_3)_2} = 0,03.189 = 5,67(gam)$
$m_{Cu(NO_3)_2} = 0,02.188 = 3,76(gam)$
\(n_{H_2}\approx0,35\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Cl_2}=0,375\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl-->FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
x.........2x........................x..............x
\(2M+2nHCl-->2MCl_n+nH_2\uparrow\)
4x..........4xn.................4x................2xn
\(2M+nCl_2-->2MCl_n\)
4x.......2xn...................4x
\(2Fe+3Cl_2-->2FeCl_3\)
x..........1,5x..............x
\(x+2xn=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}\Rightarrow2xn=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}-x\left(1\right)\)
\(2xn+1,5x=0,375\left(2\right)\)
thay(1) vaog(2) => x=0,05
n=3
Thể tích Cl2 tác dụng vs M
\(V_{Cl_2}=2.3.0,05.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
b) \(M=\dfrac{5,4}{4.0,05}=27\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
=> M: Al
\(n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{HCl}=400\left(ml\right)=0,4\left(l\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl-->ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
0,1.......0,2...................0,1.............0,1
\(CM_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,1.136=13,6\left(g\right)\)
b) \(n_{KOH}=\dfrac{50.22,4\%}{56.100\%}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,2.0,5=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(HCl+KOH-->KCl+H_2O\)
\(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,2}{1}\) =>KOH dư
\(V_{KOH}=\dfrac{50}{1,25}=40\left(ml\right)=0,04\left(l\right)\)
\(CM_{KCl}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2+0,04}=\dfrac{5}{12}\left(M\right)\)
\(CM_{KOH}=\dfrac{0,2-0,1}{0,2+0,04}=\dfrac{5}{12}\left(M\right)\)