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Ko bt đúng ko .
Đặt A=1.2+2.3+3.4+...+n(n+1)
A=1.2+2.3+3.4+...+n(n+1)
=>3A=(3−0)1.2+(4−1)2.3+...+(n+2−n+1)n(n+1)=>3A=(3−0)1.2+(4−1)2.3+...+(n+2−n+1)n(n+1)
=>3A=1.2.3−0.1.2+2.3.4−1.2.3+...+n(n+1)(n+2)−(n−1)n(n+1)=>3A=1.2.3−0.1.2+2.3.4−1.2.3+...+n(n+1)(n+2)−(n−1)n(n+1)
=>3A=n(n+1)(n+2)=>3A=n(n+1)(n+2)
=>A=n(n+1)(n+2)3=>A=n(n+1)(n+2)3 (đpcm)
\(A=\dfrac{3}{\left(1\cdot2\right)^2}+\dfrac{5}{\left(2\cdot3\right)^2}+\dfrac{7}{\left(3\cdot4\right)^2}+...+\dfrac{2n+1}{\left[n\left(n+1\right)\right]^2}\)
\(A=\dfrac{3}{1\cdot4}+\dfrac{5}{4\cdot9}+\dfrac{7}{9\cdot16}+...+\dfrac{2n+1}{n^2\cdot\left(n^2+2n+1\right)}\)
\(A=1-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{16}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}-\dfrac{1}{n^2+2n+1}\)
\(A=1-\dfrac{1}{n^2+2n+1}\)
\(A=\dfrac{n\left(n+2\right)}{\left(n+1\right)^2}\)
Ta có:
\(A=\frac{3}{\left(1.2\right)^2}+\frac{5}{\left(2.3\right)^2}+\frac{7}{\left(3.4\right)^2}+...+\frac{2n+1}{\left[n\left(n+1\right)\right]^2}\)
\(=\frac{3}{1^2.2^2}+\frac{5}{2^2.3^2}+\frac{7}{3^2.4^2}+...+\frac{2n+1}{n^2\left(n+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{3}{1.4}+\frac{5}{4.9}+\frac{7}{9.16}+...+\frac{2n+1}{n^2\left(n+1\right)^2}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{9}+...+\frac{2n+1}{n^2}-\frac{2n+1}{\left(n+1\right)^2}\)
\(=1-\frac{2n+1}{\left(n+1\right)^2}\)
Vậy \(A=\frac{2n+1}{\left(n+1\right)^2}\)
\(1,\)
\(a,\) Với \(n=1\Leftrightarrow5+2\cdot1+1=8⋮8\left(đúng\right)\)
Giả sử \(n=k\left(k\ge1\right)\Leftrightarrow5^k+2\cdot3^{k-1}+1⋮8\)
Với \(n=k+1\)
\(5^n+2\cdot3^{n-1}+1=5^{k+1}+2\cdot3^k+1\\ =5^k\cdot5+2\cdot3^k+1\\ =5^k\cdot2+2\cdot3^k+5^k\cdot3+1\\ =2\left(5^k+3^k\right)+5^k+2\cdot5^{k-1}+1+2\cdot3^{k-1}-2\cdot3^{k-1}\\ =2\left(5^k+3^k\right)+\left(5^k+2\cdot3^{k-1}+1\right)-2\left(3^{k-1}+5^{k-1}\right)\)
Vì \(5^k+3^k⋮\left(5+3\right)=8;5^{k-1}+3^{k-1}⋮\left(5+3\right)=8;5^k+2\cdot3^{k-1}+1⋮8\) nên \(5^{k+1}+2\cdot3^k+1⋮8\)
Theo pp quy nạp ta được đpcm
\(b,\) Với \(n=1\Leftrightarrow3^3+4^3=91⋮13\left(đúng\right)\)
Giả sử \(n=k\left(k\ge1\right)\Leftrightarrow3^{k+2}+4^{2k+1}⋮13\)
Với \(n=k+1\)
\(3^{n+2}+4^{2n+1}=3^{k+3}+4^{2k+3}\\ =3^{k+2}\cdot3+16\cdot4^{2k+1}\\ =3^{k+2}\cdot3+3\cdot4^{2k+1}+13\cdot4^{2k+1}\\ =3\left(3^{k+2}+4^{2k+1}\right)+13\cdot4^{2k+1}\)
Vì \(3^{k+2}+4^{2k+1}⋮13;13\cdot4^{2k+1}⋮13\) nên \(3^{k+3}+4^{2k+3}⋮13\)
Theo pp quy nạp ta được đpcm
\(1,\)
\(c,C=6^{2n}+3^{n+2}+3^n\\ C=36^n+3^n\cdot9+3^n\\ C=\left(36^n-3^n\right)+\left(3^n\cdot9+2\cdot3^n\right)\\ C=\left(36^n-3^n\right)+3^n\cdot11\)
Vì \(36^n-3^n⋮\left(36-3\right)=33⋮11;3^n\cdot11⋮11\) nên \(C⋮11\)
\(d,D=1^n+2^n+5^n+8^n\)
Vì \(1^n+2^n+5^n⋮\left(1+2+5\right)=8;8^n⋮8\) nên \(D⋮8\)
\(1,\)
\(a,\) Sửa: \(A=10^n+72n-1⋮81\)
Với \(n=1\Leftrightarrow A=10+72-1=81⋮81\)
Giả sử \(n=k\Leftrightarrow A=10^k+72k-1⋮81\)
Với \(n=k+1\Leftrightarrow A=10^{k+1}+72\left(k+1\right)-1\)
\(A=10^k\cdot10+72k+72-1\\ A=10\left(10^k+72k-1\right)-648k+81\\ A=10\left(10^k+72k-1\right)-81\left(8k-1\right)\)
Ta có \(10^k+72k-1⋮81;81\left(8k-1\right)⋮81\)
Theo pp quy nạp
\(\Rightarrow A⋮81\)
\(b,B=2002^n-138n-1⋮207\)
Với \(n=1\Leftrightarrow B=2002-138-1=1863⋮207\)
Giả sử \(n=k\Leftrightarrow B=2002^k-138k-1⋮207\)
Với \(n=k+1\Leftrightarrow B=2002^{k+1}-138\left(k+1\right)-1\)
\(B=2002\cdot2002^k-138k-138-1\\ B=2002\left(2002^k-138k-1\right)+276138k+1863\\ B=2002\left(2002^k-138k-1\right)+207\left(1334k+1\right)\)
Vì \(2002^k-138k-1⋮207;207\left(1334k+1\right)⋮207\)
Nên theo pp quy nạp \(B⋮207,\forall n\)
\(2,\)
\(a,\) Sửa đề: CMR: \(1\cdot2+2\cdot3+...+n\left(n+1\right)=\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}{3}\)
Đặt \(S_n=1\cdot2+2\cdot3+...+n\left(n+1\right)\)
Với \(n=1\Leftrightarrow S_1=1\cdot2=\dfrac{1\cdot2\cdot3}{3}=2\)
Giả sử \(n=k\Leftrightarrow S_k=1\cdot2+2\cdot3+...+k\left(k+1\right)=\dfrac{k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)}{3}\)
Với \(n=k+1\)
Cần cm \(S_{k+1}=1\cdot2+2\cdot3+...+k\left(k+1\right)+\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)=\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)\left(k+3\right)}{3}\)
Thật vậy, ta có:
\(\Leftrightarrow S_{k+1}=S_k+\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow S_{k+1}=\dfrac{k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)}{3}+\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow S_{k+1}=\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)\left(k+3\right)}{3}\)
Theo pp quy nạp ta có đpcm
\(b,\) Với \(n=0\Leftrightarrow0^3=\left[\dfrac{0\left(0+1\right)}{2}\right]^2=0\)
Giả sử \(n=k\Leftrightarrow1^3+2^3+...+k^3=\left[\dfrac{k\left(k+1\right)}{2}\right]^2\)
Với \(n=k+1\)
Cần cm \(1^3+2^3+...+k^3+\left(k+1\right)^3=\left[\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)}{2}\right]^2\)
Thật vậy, ta có
\(1^3+2^3+...+k^3+\left(k+1\right)^3\\ =\left[\dfrac{k\left(k+1\right)}{2}\right]^2+\left(k+1\right)^3\\ =\dfrac{k^2\left(k+1\right)^2+4\left(k+1\right)^3}{4}=\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)^2\left(k^2+4k+4\right)}{4}\\ =\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)^2\left(k+2\right)^2}{4}=\left[\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)}{2}\right]^2\)
Theo pp quy nạp ta được đpcm
giúp mình nhé mình sắp phải nộp rồi.Ai trả lời đúng mình sẽ k cho