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a)
Gọi $n_{CaCO_3} = a ; n_{MgCO_3} = b$
$\Rightarrow 100a + 84b = 4,68(1)$
$CaCO_3 + 2HCl \to CaCl_2 + CO_2 + H_2O$
$MgCO_3 + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 +C O_2 + H_2O$
$n_{CO_2} = a + b = 0,05(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,03 ; b = 0,02
$\%m_{CaCO_3} = \dfrac{0,03.100}{4,68}.100\% = 64,1\%$
$\%m_{MgCO_3} = 35,9\%$
$m_{CaCl_2} = 0,03.111 = 3,33(gam)$
$m_{MgCl_2} = 0,02.95 = 1,9(gam)$
b)
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{CO_2} = 0,1(mol)$
$C_{M_{HCl}} = \dfrac{0,1}{0,25} = 0,4M$
Bài 1 :
Gọi
\(n_{Fe} = a(mol) ; n_{Zn} = b(mol)\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\\ \)
Ta có :
\(\hept{\begin{cases}n_{H_2}=a+b=\frac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\m_{muoi}=127a+136b=19,5\left(gam\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=0,1\\b=0,05\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(gam\right)\\m_{Zn}=0,05.65=3,25\left(gam\right)\end{cases}}\)
Bài 2 :
\(\hept{\begin{cases}n_{BaCO_3}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{BaSO_3}=b\left(mol\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(BaCO_3 + 2HCl \to BaCl_2 + CO_2 + H_2O\\ BaSO_3 + 2HCl \to BaCl_2 + SO_2 + H_2O\)
Ta có :
\(\hept{\begin{cases}m_{hh}=197a+217b=20,5\left(gam\right)\\n_{khí}=n_{CO_2}+n_{SO_2}=a+b=\frac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{cases}}\)
Suy ra: a = 0,06 ; b = 0,04
\(\%m_{BaCO_3} = \dfrac{0,06.197}{20,5}.100\% =57,66\%\\ \%m_{BaSO_3} = 100\%- 57,66\%=42,34\%\)
a) nBaSO4=0,1(mol)
PTHH: Ba(OH)2 + H2SO4 -> BaSO4 + 2 H2O
2 NaOH + H2SO4 -> Na2SO4 + 2 H2O
=> nBa(OH)2= 0,1(mol) => mBa(OH)2=171.0,1=17,1(g)
%mBa(OH)2= (17,1/40).100=42,75%
=>%mNaOH=57,25%
b) mNaOH=22,9(g) => nNaOH= 22,9/40=0,5725(mol)
=> nH2SO4= 0,1+ 0,5725:2= 309/800(mol)
=>mH2SO4=309/800. 98=37,8525(g)
=>C%ddH2SO4= (37,8525/100).100=37,8525%
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,2<--0,4<------0,2<-----0,2
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.65}{21,1}.100\%=61,61\%\\\%m_{ZnO}=100\%-61,61\%=38,39\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{21,1-0,2.65}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: ZnO + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2O
0,1---->0,2------>0,1
=> \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,2+0,4\right).36,5}{200}.100\%=10,95\%\)
\(m_{mu\text{ố}i}=m_{ZnCl_2}=\left(0,1+0,2\right).136=40,8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(2A1+2NAOH+2H_2O-2NaA10_2+H_2O\)
\(AI_2O_3=2NaOH+2NaOHA10_2+H_2O\)
\(n_{AI}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,6=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{AI}=27.0,4=10,8\left(gam\right);mAI_2O_3=31,2-10,8=20,4\left(gam\right)\)
Biết làm mỗi câu A
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3.36}{22.4}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0.15\cdot56=8.4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Cu}=m_{hh}-m_{Fe}=15-8.4=6.6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0.15\cdot2=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.3}{0.2}=1.5\left(M\right)\)
