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`A=sqrt{1+1/a^2+1/(a+1)^2}`
`=sqrt{1/a^2+2/a+1-2/a+1/(a+1)^2}`
`=sqrt{(1/a+1)^2-2/a+1/(a+1)^2}`
`=sqrt{(a+1)^2/a^2-2.(a+1)/a.(1/(a+1))+1/(a+1)^2}`
`=sqrt{((a+1)/a-1/(a+1))^2}`
`=|(a+1)/a-1/(a+1)|`
`=|1+1/a-1/(a+1)|`
`a>0=>1/a>1/(a+1)=>1+1/a-1/(a+1)>0`
`=>A=1+1/a-1/(a+1)`
Áp dụng công thức ở A ta tính được
`B=1+1/1-1/2+1+1/2-1/3+1-1/3+1/4+.......+1+1/(n-1)-1/n`(ở sau bạn không ghi rõ nên mình đặt số cuối là n)
`=underbrace{1+1+....+1}_{\text{n chữ số 1}}-1/n`
`=n-1/n`
1.Chưng minh rằng
(1+1/3+1/5+....+1/99)-(1/2+1/4+1/6+...+1/100)=1/51+1/52+...+1/100
Xét: (1+1/3+1/5+....+1/99)-(1/2+1/4+1/6+...+1/100) =
(1+1/3+1/5+....+1/99) + (1/2+1/4+1/6+...+1/100) - (1/2+1/4+1/6+...+1/100) x 2 =
(1+1/2+1/3+1/4+1/5+1/6+....+1/99+1/100) - (1/2+1/4+1/6+...+1/100) x 2 =
(1+1/2+1/3+1/4+1/5+1/6+....+1/99+1/100) - (1+1/2+1/3+...+1/50) =
1/51+1/52+1/53+ … + 1/100
Hay:
(1+1/3+1/5+....+1/99)-(1/2+1/4+1/6+...+1/100)=1/51+1/52+...+1/100
2.Áp dụng phan 1 để chung minh
1-1/2+1/3-1/4+.....-1/200=1/101+1/102+.......+1/200
Viết lại:
(1+1/3+1/5+ … +1/199) – (1/2+1/4+1/6+ … +1/200) = 1/101+1/102+ … +1/200
Tương tự như trên ta được:
(1+1/2+1/3+1/4+1/5+1/6+....+1/199+1/200) - (1/2+1/4+1/6+...+1/200) x 2 =
(1+1/2+1/3+1/4+1/5+1/6+....+1/199+1/200) - (1+1/2+1/3+...+1/100) =
1/101+1/102+ … +1/200
Hay:
1-1/2+1/3-1/4+.....-1/200=1/101+1/102+.......+1/200
1 .Chưng minh rằng
(1+1/3+1/5+....+1/99)-(1/2+1/4+1/6+...+1/100)=1/51+1/52+...+1/100
Xét: (1+1/3+1/5+....+1/99)-(1/2+1/4+1/6+...+1/100) =
(1+1/3+1/5+....+1/99) + (1/2+1/4+1/6+...+1/100) - (1/2+1/4+1/6+...+1/100) x 2 =
(1+1/2+1/3+1/4+1/5+1/6+....+1/99+1/100) - (1/2+1/4+1/6+...+1/100) x 2 =
(1+1/2+1/3+1/4+1/5+1/6+....+1/99+1/100) - (1+1/2+1/3+...+1/50) =
1/51+1/52+1/53+ … + 1/100
Hay:
(1+1/3+1/5+....+1/99)-(1/2+1/4+1/6+...+1/100)=1/51+1/52+...+1/100
2.Áp dụng phan 1 để chung minh
1-1/2+1/3-1/4+.....-1/200=1/101+1/102+.......+1/200
Viết lại:
(1+1/3+1/5+ … +1/199) – (1/2+1/4+1/6+ … +1/200) = 1/101+1/102+ … +1/200
Tương tự như trên ta được:
(1+1/2+1/3+1/4+1/5+1/6+....+1/199+1/200) - (1/2+1/4+1/6+...+1/200) x 2 =
(1+1/2+1/3+1/4+1/5+1/6+....+1/199+1/200) - (1+1/2+1/3+...+1/100) =
1/101+1/102+ … +1/200
Hay:
1-1/2+1/3-1/4+.....-1/200=1/101+1/102+.......+1/200
\(\dfrac{1}{1+x^2}+\dfrac{1}{1+y^2}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+2}{\left(xy\right)^2+x^2+y^2+1}=1-\dfrac{\left(xy\right)^2-1}{\left(xy\right)^2+x^2+y^2+1}\ge1-\dfrac{\left(xy\right)^2-1}{\left(xy\right)^2+2xy+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{1+x^2}+\dfrac{1}{1+y^2}\ge1-\dfrac{\left(xy+1\right)\left(xy-1\right)}{\left(xy+1\right)^2}=1-\dfrac{xy-1}{xy+1}=\dfrac{2}{1+xy}\) (đpcm)
b. Tương tự câu a:
\(\dfrac{1}{1+x^2}+\dfrac{1}{1+z^2}\ge\dfrac{2}{1+zx}\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{1+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{1+z^2}\ge\dfrac{2}{1+yz}\)
Cộng vế với vế và rút gọn:
\(\dfrac{1}{1+x^2}+\dfrac{1}{1+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{1+z^2}\ge\dfrac{1}{1+xy}+\dfrac{1}{1+yz}+\dfrac{1}{z+zx}\) (1)
Mà \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}z\ge1\Rightarrow1+xy\le1+xyz\\y\ge1\Rightarrow1+zx\le1+xyz\\x\ge1\Rightarrow1+yz\le1+xyz\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{1+xy}+\dfrac{1}{1+yz}+\dfrac{1}{1+zx}\ge\dfrac{1}{1+xyz}+\dfrac{1}{1+xyz}+\dfrac{1}{1+xyz}=\dfrac{3}{1+xyz}\) (2)
TỪ (1); (2) \(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{1+x^2}+\dfrac{1}{1+y^2}\ge\dfrac{2}{1+xy}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{1+x^2}-\dfrac{1}{1+xy}+\dfrac{1}{1+y^2}-\dfrac{1}{1+xy}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(1+xy\right)-\left(1+x^2\right)}{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+xy\right)}+\dfrac{\left(1+xy\right)-\left(1+y^2\right)}{\left(1+y^2\right)\left(1+xy\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(xy-x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)+\left(xy-y^2\right)\left(1+x^2\right)}{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)\left(1+xy\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{xy+xy^3-x^2-x^2y^2+xy+x^3y-y^2-x^2y^2}{\left(1+xy\right)\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2xy+xy\left(x^2+y^2\right)-2x^2y^2-x^2-y^2}{\left(1+xy\right)\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{xy\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)}{\left(1+xy\right)\left(1+y^2\right)\left(1+x^2\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{xy\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2}{\left(1+xy\right)\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2\left(xy-1\right)}{\left(1+xy\right)\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)}\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
=> Đẳng thức ban đầu được chứng minh.
P/s: Cái đoạn sau bạn bổ sung thêm vào là vì x và y lớn hơn bằng 1 nên xy-1 sẽ lớn hơn hoặc bằng 0 nhé, mình lười quá ngại chèn:vv.
Còn câu b bạn đợi mình nháp xíu.
Ta chứng minh được công thức \(\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}}=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{a^4+2a^3b+a^2b^2+2ab^3+b^4}{a^2b^2\left(a+b\right)^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{a^2+ab+b^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\right)^2}=\dfrac{a^2+ab+b^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
\(A=\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{1^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{1^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{1^2}+\dfrac{1}{2016^2}+\dfrac{1}{2017^2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{1^2}+\dfrac{1}{2017^2}+\dfrac{1}{2018^2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{1}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{1}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+1+\dfrac{1}{2016}-\dfrac{1}{2017}+1+\dfrac{1}{2017}-\dfrac{1}{2018}\)
=>A là số hữu tỉ (ĐPCM)
2 nha bạn
k đê
=2
k mk nhes