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Bài 1:
a, \(x^4+2x^3-4x-4\)
\(=\left(x^4-4x\right)+\left(2x^3-4\right)\)
\(=x\left(x^3-4\right)+2\left(x^3-4\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x^3-4\right)\)
b, \(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a+ab^2+bc^2+ca^2+3abc\)
\(=\left(a^2b+a^2c+abc\right)+\left(b^2c+ab^2+abc\right)+\left(c^2a+bc^2+abc\right)\)
\(=a\left(ab+ac+bc\right)+b\left(bc+ab+bc\right)+c\left(ac+bc+ca\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+ac+bc\right)\)
a ) \(x^3+3x^2-3x+1\)
\(=x^3-3x+3x^2-1\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^3\)
Lời giải:
a.
$x^4+10x^3+26x^2+10x+1$
$=(x^4+10x^3+25x^2)+x^2+10x+1$
$=(x^2+5x)^2+2(x^2+5x)+1-x^2$
$=(x^2+5x+1)^2-x^2=(x^2+5x+1-x)(x^2+5x+1+x)$
$=(x^2+4x+1)(x^2+6x+1)$
b.
$x^4+x^3-4x^2+x+1$
$=(x^4-x^2)+(x^3-x^2)+(x-x^2)+(1-x^2)$
$=x^2(x-1)(x+1)+x^2(x-1)-x(x-1)-(x-1)(x+1)$
$=(x-1)[x^2(x+1)+x^2-x-(x+1)]$
$=(x-1)(x^3+2x^2-2x-1)$
$=(x-1)[(x^3-1)+(2x^2-2x)]=(x-1)[(x-1)(x^2+x+1)+2x(x-1)]$
$=(x-1)(x-1)(x^2+x+1+2x)=(x-1)^2(x^2+3x+1)$
a) \(6x^2-11xy+3y^2=6x^2-2xy-9xy+3y^2=2x.\left(3x-y\right)-3y.\left(3x-y\right)\)
= \(\left(3x-y\right).\left(2x-3y\right)\)
b) PP: dùng hệ số bất định
ta có: x^4 -3x^3+6x^2-5x+3=(x^2+ax-1)(x^2 +bx-3) (*)
=x^4 +bx^3-3x^2+ax^3 +(a+b)x^2 -3ax -x^2-bx+3
=x^4 +(b+a)x^3 +(a+b-3-1)x^2 -(3a+b)x +3
=> a+b=-3
a+b-4=6
3a+b=5
<=> a=7/2 ;b=13/2 thay vào (*) ta đc: x^4 -3x^3+6x^2-5x+3=(x^2+\(\frac{7}{2}\).x -1)(x^2 +\(\frac{13}{2}\).x -3)
Hay x^4 -3x^3+6x^2-5x+3= \(\frac{1}{4}.\left(2x^2+7x-2\right)\left(2x^2+13-6\right)\)
Mấy câu dễ mình làm trước nhé. Mấy câu khó hơn mình trình bày sau :)
1) 2x2 - 5xy - 3y2 = 2x2 + xy - 6xy - 3y2 = x( 2x + y ) - 3y( 2x + y ) = ( 2x + y )( x - 3y )
2) 7x2 + 3xy - 10y2 = 7x2 - 7xy + 10xy - 10y2 = 7x( x - y ) + 10y( x - y ) = ( x - y )( 7x + 10y )
3) x2 + 5x - 2 = ( x2 + 5x + 25/4 ) - 33/4 = ( x + 5/2 )2 - \(\left(\frac{\sqrt{33}}{2}\right)^2\)= \(\left(x+\frac{5}{2}-\frac{\sqrt{33}}{2}\right)\left(x+\frac{5}{2}+\frac{\sqrt{33}}{2}\right)\)
6) x4 + 324 = ( x4 + 36x2 + 324 ) - 36x2 = ( x2 + 18 )2 - ( 6x )2 = ( x2 - 6x + 18 )( x2 + 6x + 18 )
4) x8 + x7 + 1
= x8 + x7 + x6 - x6 + 1
= x6( x2 + x + 1 ) - ( x6 - 1 )
= x6( x2 + x + 1 ) - ( x3 - 1 )( x3 + 1 )
= x6( x2 + x + 1 ) - ( x - 1 )( x2 + x + 1 )( x3 + 1 )
= ( x2 + x + 1 )( x6 - ( x - 1 )( x3 + 1 ) ]
= ( x2 + x + 1 )( x6 - x4 + x3 - x + 1 )
5) x7 + x5 + 1
= x7 + x6 - x6 + x5 + 1
= x5( x2 + x + 1 ) - ( x6 - 1 )
= x5( x2 + x + 1 ) - ( x3 - 1 )( x3 + 1 )
= x5( x2 + x + 1 ) - ( x - 1 )( x2 + x + 1 )( x3 + 1 )
= ( x2 + x + 1 )[ x5 - ( x - 1 )( x3 + 1 ) ]
= ( x2 + x + 1 )( x5 - x4 + x3 - x + 1 )
7) x5 - 5x3 + 4x
= x5 - x3 - 4x3 + 4x
= x3( x2 - 1 ) - 4x( x2 - 1 )
= ( x2 - 1 )( x3 - 4x )
= ( x - 1 )( x + 1 )x( x2 - 4 )
= x( x - 1 )( x + 1 )( x - 2 )( x + 2 )
8) Xin hàng :)
a,x^4+2x^3-4x-4
=(x^3+2x^3)-(4x+4)
=x^3(x+2)-4(x+2)
=(x^3-4)(x+2)
\(X^4+2X^3-4X-4\)
\(=\left(X^2\right)^2+2X^3-4X-2^2\)
\(=\left[\left(X^2\right)^2-2^2\right]+\left[2X^3-4X\right]\)
\(=\left(X^2+2\right)\left(X^2-2\right)+2X\left(X^2-2\right)\)
\(=\left(X^2-2\right)\left(X^2+2+2X\right)\)