Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
1)5x2 - 5xy - 9x + 9y
2) m3 + 4m2 +3m
3) x2 - 2xy - 15y2
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a: Ta có: \(x^2-xy-3x+3y\)
\(=x\left(x-y\right)-3\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
b: Ta có: \(5x^2+5xy-x-y\)
\(=5x\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(5x-1\right)\)
c: Ta có: \(x^2-2xy+y^2-z^2\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-z^2\)
\(=\left(x-y-z\right)\left(x-y+z\right)\)
\(a,=4\left(x-5y\right)\\ b,=5x\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(5x-1\right)\left(x+y\right)\\ c,=\left(x-y\right)^2-z^2=\left(x-y-z\right)\left(x-y+z\right)\)
Cách 1: x 2 + 2xy - 15 y 2 = ( x 2 + 2xy + y 2 ) - 16 y 2
= x + y 2 - 4 y 2
= (x + y + 4y)(x + y – 4y)
= (x + 5y)(x – 3y).
Cách 2: x 2 + 2xy - 15 y 2 = x 2 + 5xy – 3xy - 15 y 2
= x(x + 5y) – 3y(x + 5y)
= (x – 3y)(x + 5y).
c) \(5x^2+3y+15x+xy=5x\left(x+3\right)+y\left(x+3\right)=\left(x+3\right)\left(5x+y\right)\)
d) \(x^2+6x+9-y^2=\left(x+3\right)^2-y^2=\left(x+3-y\right)\left(x+3+y\right)\)
e) \(x^2-y^2+2x+1=\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-y^2=\left(x+1\right)^2-y^2=\left(x+1-y\right)\left(x+1+y\right)\)
f) \(x^2-2xy-9+y^2=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-9=\left(x-y\right)^2-3^2=\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x-y+3\right)\)
c: \(5x^2+15x+3y+xy\)
\(=5x\left(x+3\right)+y\left(x+3\right)\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(5x+y\right)\)
d: \(x^2+6x+9-y^2\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^2-y^2\)
\(=\left(x+3-y\right)\left(x+3+y\right)\)
e: \(x^2+2x+1-y^2\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2-y^2\)
\(=\left(x+1-y\right)\left(x+1+y\right)\)
f: \(x^2-2xy+y^2-9\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-9\)
\(=\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x-y+3\right)\)
a: \(50x^5-8x^3\)
\(=2x^3\left(25x^2-4\right)\)
\(=2x^3\left(5x-2\right)\left(5x+2\right)\)
b: \(x^4-5x^2-4y^2+10y\)
\(=\left(x^2-2y\right)\left(x^2+2y\right)-5\left(x^2-2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-2y\right)\left(x^2+2y-5\right)\)
c: \(36a^2+12a+1-b^2\)
\(=\left(6a+1\right)^2-b^2\)
\(=\left(6a+1-b\right)\left(6a+1+b\right)\)
d: \(x^3+y^3-xy^2-x^2y\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)-xy\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\cdot\left(x-y\right)^2\)
e: Ta có: \(4x^2+4x-3\)
\(=4x^2+6x-2x-3\)
\(=2x\left(2x+3\right)-\left(2x+3\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+3\right)\left(2x-1\right)\)
f: Ta có: \(9x^4+16x^2-4\)
\(=9x^4+18x^2-2x^2-4\)
\(=9x^2\left(x^2+2\right)-2\left(x^2+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+2\right)\left(9x^2-2\right)\)
g: Ta có: \(-6x^2+5xy+4y^2\)
\(=-6x^2+8xy-3xy+4y^2\)
\(=-2x\left(3x-4y\right)-y\left(3x-4y\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-4y\right)\left(-2x-y\right)\)
h: Ta có: \(\left(x^2+4x\right)^2+8\left(x^2+4x\right)+15\)
\(=\left(x^2+4x\right)^2+3\left(x^2+4x\right)+5\left(x^2+4x\right)+15\)
\(=\left(x^2+4x+3\right)\cdot\left(x^2+4x+5\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2+4x+5\right)\)
\(1,=6xy\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)=6xy\left(x-y\right)^2\\ 2,=\left(x^2+4-4\right)\left(x^2+4+4\right)=x^2\left(x^2+8\right)\\ 3,=5x\left(x-y\right)-10\left(x-y\right)=5\left(x-2\right)\left(x-y\right)\\ 4,=\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)-3\left(a-b\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2-3\right)\\ 5,=\left(x-1\right)^2-y^2=\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x-y-1\right)\\ 6,Sửa:x^2-x-2=x^2+x-2x-2=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)\\ 7,=x^4-4x^2-x^2+4=\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x^2-1\right)\\ =\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\\ 8,=-x^3-x^2-x=-x\left(x^2+x+1\right)\\ 9,=\left(a-3\right)\left(a^2+3a+9\right)+\left(a-3\right)\left(6a+9\right)\\ =\left(a-3\right)\left(a^2+9a+18\right)\\ =\left(a-3\right)\left(a^2+3a+6a+18\right)\\ =\left(a-3\right)\left(a+3\right)\left(a+6\right)\)
\(10,=x^2y-x^2z+y^2z-xy^2+z^2\left(x-y\right)\\ =xy\left(x-y\right)-z\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+z^2\left(x-y\right)\\ =\left(x-y\right)\left(xy-xz-yz+z^2\right)\\ =\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)\)
\(5x^2+5xy-x-y\)
\(=5x\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(5x-1\right)\)
1) \(5x^2-5xy-9x+9y\)
\(=5x\left(x-y\right)-9\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(5x-9\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
2) \(m^3+4m^2+3m\)
\(=m^3+3m^2+m^2+3m\)
\(=m^2.\left(m+3\right)+m\left(m+3\right)\)
\(=\left(m^2+m\right)\left(m+3\right)\)
\(=m\left(m+1\right)\left(m+3\right)\)
3) \(x^2-2xy-15y^2\)
\(=x^2-2xy+y^2-16y^2\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(4y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y-4y\right)\left(x-y+4y\right)\)
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