Tìm x thuộc N, biết:
\(\frac{x-1}{x}+\frac{x-2}{x}+\frac{x-3}{x}+............+\frac{1}{x}=3\)
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a, /x/+/-x/=3-x
-->x+x=3-x
-->2x=3-x
-->2x+x=3
-->3x=3
-->x=3:3
-->x=1
b,x=5
y=3
a)\(\left(2x-3\right)\left(x+1\right)< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}2x-3>0\\x+1< 0\end{cases}\) hoặc \(\begin{cases}2x-3< 0\\x+1>0\end{cases}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}x>\frac{3}{2}\\x< -1\end{cases}\) (loại) hoặc \(\begin{cases}x< \frac{3}{2}\\x>-1\end{cases}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-1< x< \frac{3}{2}\)
b) \(\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(x+3\right)>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}x-\frac{1}{2}>0\\x+3>0\end{cases}\) hoặc \(\begin{cases}x-\frac{1}{2}< 0\\x+3< 0\end{cases}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}x>\frac{1}{2}\\x>-3\end{cases}\) hoặc \(\begin{cases}x< \frac{1}{2}\\x< -3\end{cases}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x>\frac{1}{2}\\x< -3\end{array}\right.\)
c) Sai đề phải là \(\frac{x}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+7\right)}\)
Có: \(\frac{3}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+5\right)}+\frac{5}{\left(x+5\right)\left(x+10\right)}+\frac{7}{\left(x+10\right)\left(x+17\right)}=\frac{x}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+17\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{x+3}-\frac{1}{x+5}+\frac{1}{x+5}-\frac{1}{x+10}+\frac{1}{x+10}-\frac{1}{x+7}=\frac{x}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+7\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{x+3}-\frac{1}{x+7}=\frac{x}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+7\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{4}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+7\right)}=\frac{x}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+7\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=4\)
\(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{x\left(x+1\right)}=\frac{44}{45}\)
\(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{x+1}=\frac{44}{45}\)
\(1-\frac{1}{x+1}=\frac{44}{45}\)
\(\frac{1}{x+1}=1-\frac{44}{45}\)
\(\frac{1}{x+1}=\frac{1}{45}\)
=> x + 1 = 45
x = 45 - 1
x = 44
2.\(P=\frac{x+1}{2x+5}+\frac{x+2}{2x+4}+\frac{x+3}{2x+3}\)
\(=\frac{x+1}{2x+5}+1+\frac{x+2}{2x+4}+1+\frac{x+3}{2x+3}+1-3\)
\(=\frac{3x+6}{2x+5}+\frac{3x+6}{2x+4}+\frac{3x+6}{2x+3}-3\)
\(=\left(3x+6\right)\left(\frac{1}{2x+5}+\frac{1}{2x+4}+\frac{1}{2x+3}\right)-3\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si ta có:
\(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}\)
Nhân vế với vế của 3 BĐT trên ta được:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}.3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}\left(1\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\left(1\right)\)ta được:
\(\frac{1}{2x+5}+\frac{1}{2x+4}+\frac{1}{2x+3}\ge\frac{9}{6x+12}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x+6\right)\left(\frac{1}{2x+5}+\frac{1}{2x+4}+\frac{1}{2x+3}\right)-3\ge3\left(x+2\right).\frac{9}{6\left(x+2\right)}-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\frac{3}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)