tìm gtnn của:
B= x2-4xy+5y2+10x-22y+28
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a)
Ta có:
\(A=x^2-2x-1=x^2-2x+1-2=\left(x-1\right)^2-2\)
\(\ge0-2=-2\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=-2\), đạt được khi và chỉ khi \(x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
b)\(B=4x^2+4x+8=4x^2+4x+1+7\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+7\ge0+7=7\)
Vậy \(B_{min}=7\), đạt được khi và chỉ khi \(2x+1=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-1}{2}\)
c)
Ta có:
\(C=3x-x^2+2=2-\left(x^2-3x\right)\)
\(=2+\dfrac{9}{4}-\left(x^2-2x.\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{17}{4}-\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2\le\dfrac{17}{4}-0=\dfrac{17}{4}\)
Vậy \(C_{max}=\dfrac{17}{4}\), đạt được khi và chỉ khi \(x-\dfrac{3}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
d) Ta có:
\(D=-x^2-5x=-\left(x^2+5x\right)=\dfrac{25}{4}-\left(x^2+2x.\dfrac{5}{2}+\dfrac{25}{4}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{25}{4}-\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2\le\dfrac{25}{4}-0=\dfrac{25}{4}\)
Vậy \(D_{max}=\dfrac{25}{4}\), đạt được khi và chỉ khi \(x+\dfrac{5}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{5}{2}\)
e) Ta có:
\(E=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28\)
\(=x^2+4y^2+5^2-4xy+10x-20y+y^2-2y+1+2\)
\(=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\)
\(\ge0+0+2=2\)
Vậy \(E_{min}=2\), đạt được khi và chỉ khi \(x-2y+5=y-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(C=\left(x^2+4y^2+25-4xy+10x-20y\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+2\)
\(C=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
\(C_{min}=2\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=\left(x^2-6x+9\right)+2=\left(x-3\right)^2+2\ge2\\ A_{min}=2\Leftrightarrow x=3\\ B=2\left(x^2-10x+25\right)+51=2\left(x-5\right)^2+51\ge51\\ B_{min}=51\Leftrightarrow x=5\\ C=\left[\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+10\left(x-2y\right)+25\right]+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+2\\ C=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\\ C_{min}=2\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y+5=0\\y-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2y-5=2-5=-3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(A=\left(x^2-6x+9\right)+2=\left(x-3\right)^2+2\ge2\)
\(minA=2\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
b) \(B=2\left(x^2-10x+25\right)+51=2\left(x-5\right)^2+51\ge51\)
\(minB=51\Leftrightarrow x=5\)
c) \(C=\left[x^2-2x\left(2y-5\right)+\left(2y-5\right)^2\right]+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+2=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
\(minC=2\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(=\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+10\left(x-2y\right)+25+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+2\\ =\left(x-2y\right)^2+10\left(x-2y\right)+25+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\\ =\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y+5=0\\y-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+3=0\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy GTNN của biểu thức là 2
Đặt \(A=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28\)
\(=x^2-4xy+10x+5y^2-22y+28\)
\(=x^2-x\left(4y-10\right)+5y^2-22y+28\)
\(=x^2-2.x.\frac{4y-10}{2}+\left(\frac{4y-10}{2}\right)^2+5y^2-22y-\left(\frac{4y-10}{2}\right)^2+28\)
\(=\left(x-\frac{4y-10}{2}\right)^2+5y^2-22y-\frac{16y^2-80y+100}{4}+28\)
\(=\left(x-\frac{4y-10}{2}\right)^2+5y^2-22y-4y^2+20y-25+28\)
\(=\left(x-\frac{4y-10}{2}\right)^2+y^2-2y+3=\left(x-\frac{4y-10}{2}\right)^2+y^2-2.y.1+1^2+2\)
\(=\left(x-\frac{4y-10}{2}\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\)
Vì \(\left(x-\frac{4y-10}{2}\right)^2\ge0;\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0=>\left(x-\frac{4y-10}{2}\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(=>\left(x-\frac{4y-10}{2}\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\) (với mọi x,y)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(< =>\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-\frac{4y-10}{2}\right)^2=0\\\left(y-1\right)^2=0\end{cases}}< =>\hept{\begin{cases}x-\frac{4y-10}{2}=0\\y=1\end{cases}}< =>\hept{\begin{cases}x-\frac{4-10}{2}=0\\y=1\end{cases}}\)
\(< =>\hept{\begin{cases}x=-3\\y=1\end{cases}}\)
Vậy MInA=2 khi x=-3;y=1
\(G=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28.\)
\(=\left(x^2+4y^2+25-4xy+10x-20y\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+2\)
\(=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\)
Do \(\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)nên \(\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
Vậy \(MinG=2\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-2y+5\right)^2=0\\\left(y-1\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-3\\y=1\end{cases}}}\)
\(G=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28\)
\(G=x^2-2x\left(2y-5\right)+5y^2-22y+28\)
\(G=x^2-2x\left(2y-5\right)+\left(4y^2-20y+25\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+2\)
\(G=x^2-2x\left(2y-5\right)+\left(2x-5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\)
\(G=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=-3;y=1
\(B=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28\)
\(=\left(x^2+4y^2+25-4xy-20y+10x\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+2\)
\(=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x;y\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-2y+5=0\\y-1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-3\\y=1\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy \(B_{min}=2\) tại \(x=-3;y=1\)