Tính giá trị của biểu thức:
Q = \(\frac{1-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}{1+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1-\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}{1+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}+\frac{1-\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{5}}{1+\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{5}}+...+\frac{1-\sqrt{2012}+\sqrt{2013}}{1+\sqrt{2012}+\sqrt{2013}}\)
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Xét biểu thức phụ : \(\frac{1}{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}+k\left(\sqrt{k+1}\right)}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{k\left(k+1\right)}\left(\sqrt{k}+\sqrt{k+1}\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}}{\sqrt{k\left(k+1\right)}\left(k+1-k\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}}{\sqrt{k\left(k+1\right)}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{k+1}}\)
Áp dụng : \(\frac{1}{2.\sqrt{1}+1.\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{4\sqrt{3}+3\sqrt{4}}+\frac{1}{5\sqrt{4}+4\sqrt{5}}+...+\frac{1}{2012\sqrt{2011}+2011\sqrt{2012}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}\)
Với \(k\in N;k\ne0\) ta có :
\(\frac{1}{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}+k\sqrt{\left(k+1\right)}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{k\left(k+1\right)}\left(\sqrt{k}+\sqrt{k+1}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{k+1}+\sqrt{k}}{\sqrt{k\left(k+1\right)}\left(\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\right)\left(\sqrt{k+1}+\sqrt{k}\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}}{\sqrt{k\left(k+1\right)}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{k+1}}\)
Áp dụng ta có :
\(M=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+....+\frac{1}{\sqrt{120}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{121}}=1-\frac{1}{11}=\frac{10}{11}\)
\(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2016}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2017}}=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2007}}=\frac{\sqrt{2007}-1}{\sqrt{2007}}\)
= \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}.\sqrt{2013}\left(\sqrt{2013}+\sqrt{2012}\right)}\)
= \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)}{\sqrt{2\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)}}+...+\frac{\left(\sqrt{2013}-\sqrt{2012}\right)\left(\sqrt{2013}+\sqrt{2012}\right)}{\sqrt{2012}\sqrt{2013}\left(\sqrt{2012}+\sqrt{2013}\right)}\)
= \(\frac{\sqrt{2}-1}{\sqrt{2}}+...+\frac{\sqrt{2013}-\sqrt{2012}}{\sqrt{2012}\sqrt{2013}}\)
= \(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2013}}\)
= \(\frac{\sqrt{2013}-1}{\sqrt{2013}}=\frac{2013-\sqrt{2013}}{2013}\)
!@#$%^&*()_+\ [];'{}
đầu hàng tại chỗ !
hiiiii
NX \(\frac{1-\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}}{1+\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}}\) =\(\frac{\left(1-\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{n+1}\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{n}+1\right)^2}\)
=\(\frac{\left(\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)^2-1^2\right)}{n+1-n-1-2\sqrt{n}}\) \(=\frac{n+1+n-2\sqrt{\left(n+1\right)n}-1}{-2\sqrt{n}}=\frac{2n-2\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}}{-2\sqrt{n}}\)
=\(\frac{n-\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}}{-\sqrt{n}}=\frac{n}{-\sqrt{n}}+\frac{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}}{\sqrt{n}}=-\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\)
thay vao Q ta co
Q= \(-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}-...-\sqrt{2012}+\sqrt{2013}=-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2013}\)