Chứng minh
1/3+2/3^2+3/3^3+4/3^4+...+100/3^100 < 3/4
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Ta có:
\(A=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}+...+\frac{100}{3^{100}}+\frac{101}{3^{101}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\cdot A=3\cdot\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}+...+\frac{100}{3^{100}}+\frac{101}{3^{101}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3\cdot A=3\cdot\frac{1}{3}+3\cdot\frac{2}{3^2}+3\cdot\frac{3}{3^3}+...+3\cdot\frac{100}{3^{100}}+3\cdot\frac{101}{3^{101}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\cdot A=1+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}+...+\frac{100}{3^{99}}+\frac{101}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\cdot A-A=\left(1+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}+...+\frac{100}{3^{99}}+\frac{101}{3^{100}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}+...+\frac{100}{3^{100}}+\frac{101}{3^{101}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2\cdot A=1+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}+...+\frac{100}{3^{99}}+\frac{101}{3^{100}}-\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{3^2}-\frac{3}{3^3}-...-\frac{100}{3^{100}}-\frac{101}{3^{101}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\cdot A=1+\left(\frac{2}{3}-\frac{1}{3}\right)+\left(\frac{3}{3^2}-\frac{2}{3^2}\right)+...+\left(\frac{101}{3^{100}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\right)-\frac{101}{3^{101}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\cdot A=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{100}}-\frac{101}{3^{101}}\)
Khi đặt \(S=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{100}}\) thì ta sẽ có 2 điều:
- Điều 1: Khi đó:
\(2\cdot A=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{100}}-\frac{101}{3^{101}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\cdot A=S-\frac{101}{3^{101}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\cdot A< S\) ( 1 )
Điều 2: Khi đó:
\(S=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\cdot S=3\cdot\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3\cdot S=3\cdot1+3\cdot\frac{1}{3}+3\cdot\frac{1}{3^2}+...+3\cdot\frac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\cdot S=3+1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\cdot S-S=\left(3+1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{99}}\right)-\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2\cdot S=3+1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{99}}-1-\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^2}-...-\frac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\cdot S=3+\left(1-1\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^2}\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{3^{99}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\right)-\frac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\cdot S=3+0+0+0+...+0-\frac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\cdot S=3-\frac{1}{3^{100}}\)
Do \(3-\frac{1}{3^{100}}< 3\) nên:
\(\Rightarrow2\cdot S< 3\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{3}{2}\) ( 2 )
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 ), theo tính chất bắc cầu suy ra:
\(2\cdot A< \frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{3}{2}:2\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{3}{2\cdot2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{3}{4}\) ( đpcm )
\(Cm:\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}-...+\frac{99}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}< \frac{3}{16}\)
Gọi biểu thức trên là A, ta có:
3A = 1-2/3+3/3^2-...-100/3^99
3A + A = [1-2/3+3/3^2-...-100/3^99] + [1/3-2/3^2+3/3^3-...-100/3^100]
4A = 1 - 1/3 + 1/3^2 - ... - 1/3^99 - 100/3^99 [1]
Gọi B = 1-1/3 + 1/3^2 - ... - 1/3^99
3B = 3 - 1 + 1/3 - 1/3^2 -...-1/3^2012
3B + B = [3-1+1/3-1/3^2-...-1/3^2012] + [1-1/3 + 1/3^2 - ... - 1/3^99]
4B = 3 - 1/3^99
=> 4B < 3 => B < 1/4 [2]
Từ [1], [2] => 4A < B < 3/4 => A < 3/16 [đpcm]
MỎI TAY QUỚ
tk nha
Lúc đặt câu hỏi, bạn bấm vào góc trên cùng bên trái để gõ phép tính đẹp. Ý của bạn có phải là:
\(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}-\frac{4}{3^4}+...+\frac{99}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}< \frac{3}{16}\)
#)Giải :
\(A=1+2+2^2+...+2^{100}\)
\(2A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{101}\)
\(2A-A=\left(2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{101}\right)-\left(1+2+2^2+...+2^{100}\right)\)
\(A=2^{101}-1\)
\(B=1+3^2+3^4+...+3^{100}\)
\(3^2B=3^2+3^4+3^6+...+3^{102}\)
\(3^2B-B=\left(3^2+3^4+3^6+...+3^{102}\right)-\left(1+3^2+3^4+...+3^{100}\right)\)
\(8B=3^{102}-1\)
\(B=\frac{3^{102}-1}{8}\)
\(C=1+5^3+5^6+...+5^{99}\)
\(5^2C=5^3+5^6+5^9+...+5^{102}\)
\(5^2C-C=\left(5^3+5^6+5^9...+5^{102}\right)-\left(1+5^3+5^6+...+5^{99}\right)\)
\(24C=5^{102}-1\)
\(C=\frac{5^{102}-1}{24}\)
a) A = 1 + 22 + ... + 2100
=> 2A = 22 + 23 + ... + 2101
Lấy 2A - A = (2 + 22 + ... + 2101) - (1 + 22 + ... 2100)
A = 2101 - 1
b) B = 1 + 32 + 34 + ... + 3100
=> 32B = 32 + 34 + 36 + ..... + 3102
=> 9B = 32 + 34 + 36 + ..... + 3102
Lấy 9B - B = ( 32 + 34 + 36 + ..... + 3102) - (1 + 32 + 34 + ... + 3100)
8B = 3102 - 1
B = \(\frac{3^{102}-1}{8}\)
c) C = 1 + 53 + 56 + ... + 599
=> 53.C = 53 . 56 . 59 + ... + 5102
=> 125.C = 53 . 56 . 59 + ... + 5102
Lấy 125.C - C = (53 . 56 . 59 + ... + 5102) - (1 + 53 + 56 + ... + 599)
124.C = 5102 - 1
=> C = \(\frac{5^{102}-1}{124}\)
A = 3/1 + 3/1+2 + 3/1+2+3 + 3/1+2+3+4 + ...+3/1+2+..+100
A = 3/1 + 3/3 + 3/6 + 3/10 +..+3/5050
A = 2/2 .( 3/1 + 3/3 + 3/6 + 3/10 +...+ 3/5050)
A = 6/2 + 6/6 + 6/12 + 6/20 +..+6/10100)
A = 6 .(1/1.2 + 1/2.3 + 1/3.4 + 1/4.5 +.. +1/100.101)
A = 6. (1 - 1/2 + 1/2 - 1/3 + 1/3 - 1/4 + ...+1/100 - 1/101)
A = 6 (1 - 1/101)
A = 6 . 100/101
A = 600/101
\(E=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}+...+\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)
\(3E=1+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}+...+\frac{100}{3^{99}}\)
\(3E-E=\left(1+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}+...+\frac{100}{3^{99}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}+...+\frac{100}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(2E=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+....+\frac{1}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)
\(6E=3+1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{100}{3^{99}}\)
\(6E-2E=\left(3+1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{100}{3^{99}}\right)-\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(4E=3-\frac{100}{3^{99}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}+\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)
\(4E=3-\frac{300}{3^{100}}-\frac{3}{3^{100}}+\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)
\(4E=3-\frac{203}{3^{100}}< 3\)
\(\Rightarrow4E< 3\)
\(\Rightarrow E< \frac{3}{4}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Bài 1:
Ta có: \(3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{100}\)
\(=\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)+....+\left(3^{97}+3^{98}+3^{99}+3^{100}\right)\)
\(=120+3^5\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)+....+3^{96}\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)\)
\(=120+3^5.120+...+3^{96}.120\)
\(=120.\left(1+3^5+.....+3^{96}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3+3^2+3^3+3^4+....+3^{100}\)chia hết cho 120 (vì có chứa thừa số 120)