So sánh A=1/1008.(1+1/3+1/5+1....+18/2013) với B = 1/1007 . (1/2+1/4+....+1/2014)
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Ax1007x1008=A1= 1007x(1+1/3+...+1/2013)
Bx1007x1008=B1=1008x(1/2+1/4+...+1/2014)
A1-B1=1007x(1-1/2+1/3-1/4+..+1/2013-2/1014) - ( 1/2+1/4+..1/2014)
=1007x(1/2+1/3x4+..1/1007x1008)- (1/2+1/4+..1/2014)
Xet' (1/2+1/4+..1/2014) < (1/2 + 1/2 + .... 1/2) (co' 1007 so' ) = 1007/2
xet' 1007x(1/2 +1/3x4 +... 1/1007x1008 ) > 1007/2
=> A> B
a , Ta có : \(1-\frac{54}{59}=\frac{5}{59}\) \(=\frac{50}{590}\) ; \(1-\frac{541}{591}=\frac{50}{591}\)
Vì \(\frac{50}{590}>\frac{50}{591}\)nên \(\frac{54}{59}< \frac{541}{591}\)
Bài 1 :
Ta có :
\(A=\frac{10^{17}+1}{10^{18}+1}=\frac{\left(10^{17}+1\right).10}{\left(10^{18}+1\right).10}=\frac{10^{18}+10}{10^{19}+10}\)
Mà : \(\frac{10^{18}+10}{10^{19}+10}>\frac{10^{18}+1}{10^{19}+1}\)
Mà \(A=\frac{10^{18}+10}{10^{19}+10}\)nên \(A>B\)
Vậy \(A>B\)
Bài 2 :
Ta có :
\(S=\frac{2013}{2014}+\frac{2014}{2015}+\frac{2015}{2016}+\frac{2016}{2013}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{2014-1}{2014}+\frac{2015-1}{2015}+\frac{2016-1}{2016}+\frac{2013+3}{2013}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=1-\frac{1}{2014}+1-\frac{1}{2015}+1-\frac{1}{2016}+1+\frac{3}{2013}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=4+\frac{3}{2013}-\left(\frac{1}{2014}+\frac{1}{2015}+\frac{1}{2016}\right)\)
Vì \(\frac{1}{2013}>\frac{1}{2014}>\frac{1}{2015}>\frac{1}{2016}\)nên \(\frac{3}{2013}-\left(\frac{1}{2014}+\frac{1}{2015}+\frac{1}{2016}\right)>0\)
Nên : \(M>4\)
Vậy \(M>4\)
Bài 3 :
Ta có :
\(A=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+.......+\frac{1}{100^2}\)
Suy ra : \(A< \frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{2.4}+\frac{1}{3.5}+....+\frac{1}{99.101}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{2.4}+......+\frac{2}{99.101}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}.\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{3}-......-\frac{1}{101}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}.\left[\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+.....+\frac{1}{99}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+......+\frac{1}{101}\right)\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}.\left(1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{100}-\frac{1}{101}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}.\left(1+\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{3}{4}\)
Vậy \(A< \frac{3}{4}\)
Bài 4 :
\(a)A=\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{3.5}+\frac{1}{5.7}+....+\frac{1}{2015.2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{3.5}+\frac{2}{5.7}+.....+\frac{1}{2015.2017}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}.\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+.....+\frac{1}{2015}-\frac{1}{2017}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}.\left(1-\frac{1}{2017}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2016}{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1008}{2017}\)
Vậy \(A=\frac{1008}{2017}\)
\(b)\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{3.5}+\frac{1}{5.7}+......+\frac{1}{x\left(x+2\right)}=\frac{1008}{2017}\)
\(\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{3.5}+\frac{2}{5.7}+......+\frac{2}{x.\left(x+2\right)}=\frac{2016}{2017}\)
\(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+.....+\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{x+2}=\frac{2016}{2017}\)
\(1-\frac{1}{x+2}=\frac{2016}{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x+2}=1-\frac{2016}{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x+2}=\frac{1}{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow x+2=2017\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2017-2=2015\)
Vậy \(x=2015\)
Ta có :
\(S=\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+..+\frac{1}{2011}+\frac{1}{2013}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2012}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2012}+\frac{1}{2013}\right)-2\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2012}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2012}+\frac{1}{2013}\right)-\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{1006}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{1007}+\frac{1}{1008}+...+\frac{1}{2013}=P\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(s-p\right)^{2013}=0^{2013}=0\)