Chứng tỏ : \(B=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{n^2}< 1\)
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\(\frac{1}{2^2}< \frac{1}{1\cdot2}\\ \frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2\cdot3}\\ \frac{1}{4^2}< \frac{1}{3\cdot4}\\ ...\\ \frac{1}{n^2}< \frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)\cdot n}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}< \frac{1}{1\cdot2}+\frac{1}{2\cdot3}+\frac{1}{3\cdot4}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)\cdot n}\\ \Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{n-1}-\frac{1}{n}\\ \Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}< 1-\frac{1}{n}< 1\\ \Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}< 1\left(\text{với }n\in N;n\ge2\right)\)
Giải:
a) \(\dfrac{7}{x}< \dfrac{x}{4}< \dfrac{10}{x}\)
\(\Rightarrow7< \dfrac{x^2}{4}< 10\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{28}{4}< \dfrac{x^2}{4}< \dfrac{40}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2=36\)
\(\Rightarrow x=6\)
b) \(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{9^2}\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}=\dfrac{1}{2.2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}=\dfrac{1}{3.3}< \dfrac{1}{2.3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{4^2}=\dfrac{1}{4.4}< \dfrac{1}{3.4}\)
\(...\)
\(\dfrac{1}{9^2}=\dfrac{1}{9.9}< \dfrac{1}{8.9}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{8.9}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{1}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{8}{9}\left(1\right)\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}=\dfrac{1}{2.2}>\dfrac{1}{2.3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}=\dfrac{1}{3.3}>\dfrac{1}{3.4}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{4^2}=\dfrac{1}{4.4}>\dfrac{1}{4.5}\)
\(...\)
\(\dfrac{1}{9^2}=\dfrac{1}{9.9}>\dfrac{1}{9.10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A>\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+\dfrac{1}{4.5}+...+\dfrac{1}{9.10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A>\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A>\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A>\dfrac{2}{5}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2), ta có:
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{5}< A< \dfrac{8}{9}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Bạn có thể viết thay dòng "Từ (1) và (2)" thành "Từ các điều kiện trên" bạn nhé !(bạn ko cần phải sửa, đây chỉ là gợi ý)
Ta có : \(B=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{8^2}\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{2^2}<\frac{1}{1.2};\frac{1}{3^2}<\frac{1}{2.3};...;\frac{1}{8^2}<\frac{1}{7.8}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{8^2}<\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{7.8}=1-\frac{1}{8}<1\)
Vậy B < 1
Ta có : \(\frac{1}{2^2}< \frac{1}{1.2};\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2.3};...;\frac{1}{8^2}< \frac{1}{7.8}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{8^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{7.8}\)
\(\Rightarrow B< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow B< 1-\frac{1}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow B< \frac{7}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow B< \frac{8}{8}=1\)
Vậy \(B< 1\left(Đpcm\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
nhan xet1/2^2<1/1.2=1/1-1/2
1/3^2<1/2.3=1/2-1/3
1/4^2<1/3.4=1/3-1/4
..................................
1/1-1/2+1/2-1/3+1/3-1/4+1/4-1/5+1/5-1/6+1/6-1/7+1/8<
1/1-1/8=8/8-1/8=7/8<1 vay B<1
B < \(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+\frac{1}{5.6}+\frac{1}{6.7}+\frac{1}{7.8}\)
B < \(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{6}-\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{8}\)
B < \(1-\frac{1}{8}\)mà 1 - 1/8 < 1
=> B < 1 ( dpcm )
Vậy ...
\(B=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{8^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{7.8}< 1-\frac{1}{8}=\frac{7}{8}< 1\)
Vậy B<1
Hok tốt
\(B=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{1}{6^2}+\frac{1}{7^2}+\frac{1}{8^2}