Thực hiện phép tính \(\dfrac{x-1}{x-y}+\dfrac{1-y}{x-y}\)
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\(\left(\dfrac{x}{x+1}+\dfrac{x-1}{x}\right):\left(\dfrac{x}{x+1}-\dfrac{x-1}{x}\right)\) \(\left(đk:x\ne0;-1\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x\left(x+1\right)}:\left(\dfrac{x^2-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x\left(x+1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+x^2-1}{x\left(x+1\right)}.\dfrac{x\left(x+1\right)}{x^2-x^2+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(2x^2-1\right)x\left(x+1\right)}{x\left(x+1\right)}=2x^2-1\)
MTC = (x - y)(x2 + xy + y2)
\(\dfrac{1}{x-y}-\dfrac{3xy}{x^3-y^3}+\dfrac{x-y}{x^2+xy+y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+xy+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}-\dfrac{3xy}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}+\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+xy+y^2-3xy+\left(x-y\right)^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+xy+y^2-3xy+x^2-2xy+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x^2-4xy+2y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(x-y\right)^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2+xy+y^2}\)
1/x-y-3xy/x^3-y^3+x-y/x^2+xy+y^2
=1/x-y+-3xy/(x-y)(x^2+xy+y^2)+x-y/x^2+xy+y^2
=x^2+xy+y^2/(x-y)(x^2+xy+y^2)+-3xy/(x-y)(x^2+xy+y^2)+x^2-2xy+y^2/(x-y)(x^2+xy+y^2)
=x^2+xy+y^2-3xy+x^2-2xy-y^2/(x-y)(x^2+xy+y^2)
=2x^2-5xy/(x-y)(x^2+xy+y^2)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{x-y}+\dfrac{3xy}{y^3-x^3}+\dfrac{x-y}{x^2+xy+y^2}\\ =\dfrac{x^2+xy+y^2-3xy+\left(x-y\right)^2}{x^3-y^3}\\ =\dfrac{2\left(x-y\right)^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\\ =\dfrac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2+xy+y^2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x-y}+\dfrac{3xy}{y^3-x^3}+\dfrac{x-y}{x^2+xy+y^2}\) \(=\dfrac{x^2+xy+y^2}{x^3-y^3}-\dfrac{3xy}{x^3-y^3}+\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{x^3-y^3}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+xy+y^2-3xy+x^2-2xy+y^2}{x^3-y^3}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x^2+2y^2-4xy}{x^3-y^3}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x^2-2xy-2xy+2y^2}{x^3-y^3}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x\left(x-y\right)-2y\left(x-y\right)}{x^3-y^3}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(2x-2y\right)\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x-2y}{x^2+xy+y^2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x^2+x}=\dfrac{x-1}{x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)};\dfrac{x^2-4}{x^2-1}=\dfrac{x\left(x^2-4\right)}{x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\\ \dfrac{1}{y-1}-\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{y-y+1}{y\left(y-1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{y\left(y-1\right)}\)
a.
\(\dfrac{x^3}{x-1}-\dfrac{x^2}{x+1}-\dfrac{1}{x-1}+\dfrac{1}{x+1}=\dfrac{x^3-1}{x-1}-\dfrac{x^2-1}{x+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{x-1}-\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x+1}\)
\(=x^2+x+1-\left(x-1\right)=x^2+2\)
b.
\(\dfrac{x+y}{2\left(x-y\right)}-\dfrac{x-y}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{2y^2}{x^2-y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}-\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{4y^2}{2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2+4y^2}{2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4xy+4y^2}{2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{4y\left(x+y\right)}{2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2y}{x-y}\)
c.
\(\dfrac{x+5}{2x-4}.\dfrac{4-2x}{x+2}=\dfrac{x+5}{2x-4}.\dfrac{-\left(2x-4\right)}{x+2}=-\dfrac{x+5}{x+2}\)
d.
\(\dfrac{8}{x^2+2x-3}+\dfrac{2}{x+3}+\dfrac{1}{x-1}=\dfrac{8}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}+\dfrac{2\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}+\dfrac{x+3}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{8+2\left(x-1\right)+x+3}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{3x+9}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{3}{x-1}\)
\(\dfrac{x-1}{x-y}+\dfrac{1-y}{x-y}\\ =\dfrac{x-1+1-y}{x-y}\\ =\dfrac{x-y}{x-y}\\ =1\)
\(\dfrac{x-1}{x-y}+\dfrac{1-y}{x-y}=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)+\left(1-y\right)}{x-y}=\dfrac{x-1+1-y}{x-y}=\dfrac{x-y-1+1}{x-y}=\dfrac{x-y}{x-y}=1\)