hòa tan 6,5g Zn cần vừa đủ M gam dung dịch HCl 3,75%
a, viết phương trình
b, tính thể tích khí \(H_2\) sinh ra ở đktc
c, tính M
d, tính khối lượng muối tạo thành sau phản ứng
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\(m_{HCl}=50.7,3\%=3,65\left(g\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{3,65}{36,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=n_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Zn}=0,05.65=3,25\left(g\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(ĐKTC\right)}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\\ m_{ZnCl_2}=0,05.136=6,8\left(g\right)\)
mHCl=50.7,3%=3,65(g) -> nHCl=0,1(mol)
a) PTHH: Zn + 2 HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2
nH2=nZnCl2=nZn=nHCl/2= 0,1/2=0,05(mol)
b) m=mZn=0,05.65=3,25(g)
c) V(H2,đktc)=0,05.22,4=1,12(l)
d) mZnCl2= 136.0,05= 7,8(g)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
\(m_{HCl}=0,4\cdot36,5=14,6g\)
\(a=m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{14,6\%}\cdot100\%=100g\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48l\)
\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2\cdot136=27,2g\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{100.7,3\%}{36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ a,PTHH:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ b,n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=n_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m=m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\\ c,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\ d,m_{ddZnCl_2}=6,5+100-0,1.2=106,3\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.136}{106,3}.100\approx12,794\%\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,3.2=0,6\left(mol\right)\\a, 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ b,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{6}.0,6=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\ c,n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{2}{6}.0,6=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\\ d,V_{ddAlCl_3}=V_{ddHCl}=0,3\left(l\right)\\ C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,3}=\dfrac{2}{3}\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,24}{56}=0,04mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,04 0,08 0,04 0,04
\(m_{FeCl_2}=0,04\cdot127=5,08\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,04\cdot22,4=0,896\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,08\cdot36,5=2,92\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{2,92}{5}\cdot100=58,4\left(g\right)\)
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a,\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
b,\(V_{H_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479\left(l\right)\)
c,\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5.100}{3,65}=200\left(g\right)\)
d,\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,1.136=13,6\left(g\right)\)
e,mdd sau pứ = 6,5+200-0,1.2 = 206,3 (g)
\(C\%_{ddZnCl_2}=\dfrac{13,6.100\%}{206,3}=6,59\%\)
\(a) Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\\ b) n_{H_2} = n_{Zn} = \dfrac{6,5}{65} = 0,1(mol)\\ V_{H_2} = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(lít)\\ c) n_{HCl} = 2n_{Zn} = 0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,2.36,5}{3,75\%} = 194,67(gam)\\ d) n_{ZnCl_2} = n_{Zn} = 0,1(mol)\\ m_{ZnCl_2} = 0,1.136 = 13,6(gam)\)
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