Cho C=1/2+[1/2]^2+[1/2]^3+[1/4]^4+....+[1/2]^98+[1/2]^99
CMR C<1
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Bài 1:
a: \(2A=2^{101}+2^{100}+...+2^2+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=2^{100}-1\)
b: \(3B=3^{101}+3^{100}+...+3^2+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2B=3^{100}-1\)
hay \(B=\dfrac{3^{100}-1}{2}\)
c: \(4C=4^{101}+4^{100}+...+4^2+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3C=4^{101}-1\)
hay \(C=\dfrac{4^{101}-1}{3}\)
a) \(A=98+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{99}\)(có 98 phân số nên ta cộng 1 vào mỗi phân số)
\(A=\left(\frac{1}{2}+1\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{99}+1\right)\)
\(A=\frac{3}{2}+\frac{4}{3}+...+\frac{100}{99}\)
Và \(B=\frac{3}{2}+\frac{4}{3}+...+\frac{100}{99}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{A}{B}=\frac{\frac{3}{2}+\frac{4}{3}+...+\frac{100}{99}}{\frac{3}{2}+\frac{4}{3}+...+\frac{100}{99}}=1\)
b) \(A=2018+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2019}\)(có 2018 phân số nên ta cộng 1 vào mỗi phân số)
\(A=\left(\frac{1}{2}+1\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{2019}+1\right)\)
\(A=\frac{3}{2}+\frac{4}{3}+...+\frac{2020}{2019}\)
Và \(B=\frac{3}{2}+\frac{4}{3}+...+\frac{2020}{2019}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{A}{B}=\frac{\frac{3}{2}+\frac{4}{3}+...+\frac{2020}{2019}}{\frac{3}{2}+\frac{4}{3}+...+\frac{2020}{2019}}=1\)
c) \(A=\frac{99}{1}+\frac{98}{2}+...+\frac{1}{99}\)
\(A=99+\frac{98}{2}+...+\frac{1}{99}\)(có 98 phân số nên ta cộng 1 vào từng phân số)
\(A=\left(\frac{98}{2}+1\right)+\left(\frac{97}{3}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{99}+1\right)+1\)
\(A=\frac{100}{2}+\frac{100}{3}+...+\frac{100}{99}+1\)
\(A=100\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{99}+\frac{1}{100}\right)\)
Và \(B=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{99}+\frac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{A}{B}=\frac{100\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{99}+\frac{1}{100}\right)}{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{99}+\frac{1}{100}}=100\)
a)\(B=\frac{3}{2}+\frac{4}{3}+\frac{5}{4}+...+\frac{100}{99}\)
\(B=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}\right)+\left(1+\frac{1}{3}\right)+\left(1+\frac{1}{4}\right)+...+\left(1+\frac{1}{99}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\left(1+1+1+...+1\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{99}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B=98+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{99}\)
\(\Rightarrow A:B=\frac{A}{B}=\frac{98+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{99}}{98+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{99}}=1.\)
Vậy \(A:B=1.\)
b)\(B=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}\right)+\left(1+\frac{1}{3}\right)+\left(1+\frac{1}{4}\right)+...+\left(1+\frac{1}{2019}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\left(1+1+1+...+1\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2019}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B=2018+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2019}\)
\(\Rightarrow A:B=\frac{A}{B}=\frac{2018+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2019}}{2018+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2019}}=1.\)
Vậy \(A:B=1.\)
c)\(A=\left(1+1+...+1\right)+\frac{98}{2}+\frac{97}{3}+...+\frac{2}{98}+\frac{1}{99}\)
\(A=\left(1+\frac{98}{2}\right)+\left(1+\frac{97}{3}\right)+...+\left(1+\frac{2}{98}\right)+\left(1+\frac{1}{99}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{100}{2}+\frac{100}{3}+...+\frac{100}{98}+\frac{100}{99}\)
\(A=100\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{98}+\frac{1}{99}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A:B=\frac{A}{B}=\frac{100\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{98}+\frac{1}{99}\right)}{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{98}+\frac{1}{99}}=1.\)
Vậy \(A:B=1.\)
Ta thấy:
\(A=1\cdot3+2\cdot4+...+97\cdot99+98\cdot100\)
\(A=1\cdot\left(1+2\right)+2\cdot\left(1+3\right)+...+97\cdot\left(1+98\right)+98\cdot\left(1+99\right)\)
\(A=\left(1+1\cdot2\right)+\left(2+2\cdot3\right)+...+\left(97+97\cdot98\right)+\left(98+98\cdot99\right)\)
\(A=\left(1+2+...+97+98\right)+\left(1\cdot2+2\cdot3+...+97\cdot98+98\cdot99\right)\)
Đặt \(B=1+2+...+97+98\) ; \(C=1\cdot2+2\cdot3+...+97\cdot98+98\cdot99\). Khi đó: \(A=B+C\)
* Do số các số hạng của tổng B là: ( 98 - 1 ) : 1 + 1 = 98 ( số hạng ) nên:
\(B=1+2+...+97+98=\frac{\left(98+1\right)\cdot98}{2}=99\cdot49=4851\)
* Ta thấy:
\(C=1\cdot2+2\cdot3+...+97\cdot98+98\cdot99\)
\(\Rightarrow3\cdot C=1\cdot2\cdot3+2\cdot3\cdot3+...+97\cdot98\cdot3+98\cdot99\cdot3\)
\(\Rightarrow3\cdot C=1\cdot2\cdot3+2\cdot3\cdot\left(4-1\right)+...+97\cdot98\cdot\left(99-96\right)+98\cdot99\cdot\left(100-97\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3\cdot C=1\cdot2\cdot3+2\cdot3\cdot4-1\cdot2\cdot3+...+97\cdot98\cdot99-96\cdot97\cdot98+98\cdot99\cdot100-97\cdot98\cdot99\)
\(\Rightarrow3\cdot C=98\cdot99\cdot100\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\frac{98\cdot99\cdot100}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow C=98\cdot33\cdot100\)
\(\Rightarrow C=323400\)
Vậy: \(A=B+C=4851+323400=328251\)
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\(C=\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^3+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^4+...+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{99}\)
\(2C=1+\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^3+...+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{98}\)
\(2C-C=C=1-\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{99}< 1\left(đpcm\right)\)
C = 1/2 + 1/22 + 1/23 + 1/24 + ... + 1/298 + 1/299
2C = 1 + 1/2 + 1/22 + 1/23 + ... + 1/297 + 1/298
2C - C = (1 + 1/2 + 1/22 + 1/23 + ... + 1/297 + 1/298) - (1/2 + 1/22 + 1/23 + 1/24 + ... + 1/298 + 1/299)
C = 1 - 1/299 < 1 (đpcm)