cho P=1+1/2+1/3+1/4+...+1/2^2014 - 1
chứng minh rằng P<2014
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TỪ ĐỀ BÀI => 5A=1+1/5+1/5^2+......+1/5^2013
CÓ 4A=5A-A
=>4A=(1+1/5+1/5^2+.....+1/5^2013)-(1/5+1/5^2+1/5^3+....+1/5^2014)
=>4A= 1- 1/5^2014
=>A= (1-1/5^2014)/4 ;CÓ 1-1/5^2014 <1
=>A<1/4
4S=1+24+342+....+2014420134S=1+24+342+....+201442013
4S−S=3S=1+24+342+....+201442013−(14+242+343+....+201442014)4S−S=3S=1+24+342+....+201442013−(14+242+343+....+201442014)
3S=1+(24−14)+(342−242)+......+(201442013−201342013)−2014420143S=1+(24−14)+(342−242)+......+(201442013−201342013)−201442014
3S=1+14+142+143+.....+142013−2014420143S=1+14+142+143+.....+142013−201442014
đặt A=1+14+142+143+....+142023A=1+14+142+143+....+142023
4A−A=4+1+14+142+.....+142022−(1+14+142+....+142023)4A−A=4+1+14+142+.....+142022−(1+14+142+....+142023)
3A=4−1420233A=4−142023
A=43−13.42023A=43−13.42023
⇒3S=43−13.42023−201442024⇒3S=43−13.42023−201442024
⇒S=49−19.42023−20143.42024⇒S=49−19.42023−20143.42024
do 49<48=1249<48=12
⇒S=49−19.42023−20143.42024<48=12(đpcm)
gọi dãy số trên là A
ta có A<\(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2013.2014}\)
A<1-\(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2013}-\frac{1}{2014}\)
A<1-\(\frac{1}{2014}\)=\(\frac{2013}{2014}\)
Vậy A < \(\frac{2013}{2014}\)
Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{4^3}+...+\frac{1}{2014^3}< B=\frac{1}{1.2.3}+\frac{1}{2.3.4}+\frac{1}{3.4.5}+...+\frac{1}{2013.2014.2015}\)
Mà \(2B=\frac{2}{1.2.3}+\frac{2}{2.3.4}+\frac{2}{3.4.5}+...+\frac{2}{2013.2014.2015}\)
\(=\frac{1}{1.2}-\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{2.3}-\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{3.4}-\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{2013.2014}-\frac{1}{2014.2015}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2014.2015}< \frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow B< \frac{1}{4}\)
Vậy \(A< \frac{1}{4}\)