Cho x,y,z la cac so thuc duong thoa man xyz=2
Chung minh rang:\(\frac{x}{2x^2+y^2+5}+\frac{2y}{6y^2+z^2+6}+\frac{4z}{3z^2+4x^2+16}\le\frac{1}{2}\)
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Theo BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số dương, ta có:
\(2x^2+y^2+5=\left(x^2+y^2\right)+\left(x^2+1\right)+4\ge2\left(xy+x+2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{2x^2+y^2+5}\le\frac{x}{2\left(xy+x+2\right)}\)(1)
Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{2y}{6y^2+z^2+6}\le\frac{2y}{4\left(yz+y+1\right)}=\frac{y}{2\left(yz+y+1\right)}\)(2)
\(\frac{4z}{3z^2+4x^2+16}\le\frac{4z}{4\left(zx+2z+2\right)}=\frac{z}{zx+2z+2}\)(3)
Cộng theo vế của 3 BĐT (1), (2), (3), ta được: \(\frac{x}{2x^2+y^2+5}+\frac{2y}{6y^2+z^2+6}+\frac{4z}{3z^2+4x^2+16}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{xy+x+2}+\frac{y}{yz+y+1}+\frac{2z}{zx+2z+2}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{zx}{xyz+xz+2z}+\frac{xyz}{xyz^2+xyz+xz}+\frac{2z}{zx+2z+2}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{zx}{2+xz+2z}+\frac{2}{2z+2+xz}+\frac{2z}{zx+2z+2}\right)\)(Do xyz = 2)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{zx+2z+2}{zx+2z+2}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = 1; z = 2
Ta có: \(2x^2+y^2+5=\left(x^2+y^2\right)+\left(x^2+1\right)+4\ge2xy+2x+4=2\left(xy+x+2\right)\Rightarrow\frac{x}{2x^2+y^2+5}\le\frac{x}{2\left(xy+x+2\right)}\)\(6y^2+z^2+6=\left(4y^2+z^2\right)+\left(2y^2+2\right)+4\ge4yz+4y+4=4\left(yz+y+1\right)\Rightarrow\frac{2y}{6y^2+z^2+6}\le\frac{y}{2\left(yz+y+1\right)}\)\(3z^2+4x^2+16=\left(z^2+4x^2\right)+\left(2z^2+8\right)+8\ge4zx+8z+8=4\left(zx+2z+2\right)\Rightarrow\frac{4z}{2z^2+4x^2+16}\le\frac{z}{zx+2z+2}\)Từ ba bất đẳng thức trên suy ra:\(\frac{x}{2x^2+y^2+5}+\frac{2y}{6y^2+z^2+6}+\frac{4z}{3z^2+4x^2+16}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{xy+x+2}+\frac{y}{yz+y+1}+\frac{2z}{zx+2z+2}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{xz}{xyz+xz+2z}+\frac{xyz}{xyz^2+xyz+xz}+\frac{2z}{zx+2z+2}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{zx}{zx+2z+2}+\frac{2}{zx+2z+2}+\frac{2z}{zx+2z+2}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\)Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = 1; z = 2
Áp dụng AM-GM ta có \(\frac{1^2}{x}+\frac{1^2}{x}+\frac{1^2}{y}+\frac{1^2}{z}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1+1\right)^2}{2x+y+z}\)
hay \(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{16}{2x+y+z}\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{16}{2y+x+z}\) ; \(\frac{2}{z}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{16}{2z+x+y}\)
Cộng theo vế : \(4\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge16\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{2y+x+z}+\frac{1}{2z+x+y}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(16\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{2y+x+z}+\frac{1}{2z+x+y}\right)\le16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{2y+x+z}+\frac{1}{2z+x+y}\le1\)