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thôi thì mình làm cho bn vậy, câu a ko làm dc đâu, làm câu b thôi, làm sao biết dc chất nào dư khi chỉ có số mol 1 chất?
nK2SO3=0.1367(mol)
mddH2SO4=Vdd.D=200.1,04=208(g)
K2SO3+H2SO4-->K2SO4+H2O+SO2
0.1367----0.1367----0.1367---------0.1367 (mol)
mddspu=100+208-0,1367.64=299.2512(g) ; mK2SO4=0,1367.174=23.7858(g)
==>C%=23.7858.100/299.512=7.94%
2)pt bn tự ghi nhé
ta có hệ pt: 56a+27b=11 và a+3b/2=8.96/22.4==>a=0.1, b=0.2
==>%Fe=0.1x56x100/11=50.9%
%Al=100%-50.9%=49.1%
b)nH2SO4= 0.7(mol)==>VddH2SO4=0.7/2=0.35(L)
a) Do dd sau pư có 3 chát tan với nồng độ % bằng nhau
=> \(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=m_{ZnSO_4}=m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}\)
Gọi số mol Al, Zn là a, b (mol)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
a----->1,5a------->0,5a----->1,5a
Zn + H2SO4 --> ZnSO4 + H2
b----->b--------->b----->b
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.0,5a=171a\left(g\right)\\m_{ZnSO_4}=161b\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> 171a = 161b
=> \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{161}{171}\) (1)
Có: \(\dfrac{m_{Al}}{m_{Zn}}=\dfrac{27.n_{Al}}{65.n_{Zn}}=\dfrac{27}{65}.\dfrac{161}{171}=\dfrac{483}{1235}\)
b) \(n_{H_2}=1,5a+b=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\) (2)
(1)(2) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{161}{825}\left(mol\right)\\b=\dfrac{57}{275}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(x=\dfrac{161}{825}.27+\dfrac{57}{275}.65=\dfrac{5154}{275}\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.0,5\dfrac{161}{825}=\dfrac{9177}{275}\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4\left(bđ\right)}=98\left(1,5a+b\right)+\dfrac{9177}{275}=\dfrac{22652}{275}\left(g\right)\)
=> \(y=\dfrac{\dfrac{22652}{275}.100}{10}=\dfrac{45304}{55}\left(g\right)\)
a) Do dd sau pư có 3 chát tan với nồng độ % bằng nhau
=> \(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=m_{ZnSO_4}=m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}\)
Gọi số mol Al, Zn là a, b (mol)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
a----->1,5a------->0,5a----->1,5a
Zn + H2SO4 --> ZnSO4 + H2
b----->b--------->b----->b
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.0,5a=171a\left(g\right)\\m_{ZnSO_4}=161b\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> 171a = 161b
=> \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{161}{171}\) (1)
Có: \(\dfrac{m_{Al}}{m_{Zn}}=\dfrac{27.n_{Al}}{65.n_{Zn}}=\dfrac{27}{65}.\dfrac{161}{171}=\dfrac{483}{1235}\)
b) \(n_{H_2}=1,5a+b=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\) (2)
(1)(2) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{161}{825}\left(mol\right)\\b=\dfrac{57}{275}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(x=\dfrac{161}{825}.27+\dfrac{57}{275}.65=\dfrac{5154}{275}\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.0,5\dfrac{161}{825}=\dfrac{9177}{275}\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4\left(bđ\right)}=98\left(1,5a+b\right)+\dfrac{9177}{275}=\dfrac{22652}{275}\left(g\right)\)
=> \(y=\dfrac{\dfrac{22652}{275}.100}{10}=\dfrac{45304}{55}\left(g\right)\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ Đặt:n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,16}{22,4}=0,09\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow \left\{{}\begin{matrix}1,5a+b=0,09\\27a+56b=2,76\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,04\\b=0,03\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,04.27}{2,76}.100\approx39,13\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}\approx100\%-39,13\%\approx60,87\%\)
\(b,V_{ddsau}=V_{ddHCl}=0,2\left(l\right)\\ n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,04\left(mol\right);n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,03\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow C_{MddFeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,03}{0,2}=0,15\left(M\right)\\ C_{MddAlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,2}=0,2\left(M\right)\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
\(x\) \(1,5x\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
\(y\) \(y\)
Có \(27x+56y=2,76\left(1\right)\)
\(1,5x+y=\dfrac{2,016}{22,4}=0,09\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,04\\y=0,03\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,04\cdot27}{2,76}\cdot100\%=39,13\%\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=100\%-39,13\%=60,87\%\)
PT: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
a, Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ 24x + 27y = 12,6 (1)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=x+\dfrac{3}{2}y\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,6\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,3\left(mol\right)\\y=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{MG}=\dfrac{0,3.24}{12,6}.100\%\approx57,1\%\\\%m_{Al}\approx42,9\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgSO_4}=n_{Mg}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,6.98=58,8\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{58,8}{14,7\%}=400\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: m dd sau pư = 12,6 + 400 - 0,6.2 = 411,4 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,3.120}{411,4}.100\%\approx8,75\%\\C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,1.342}{411,4}.100\%\approx8,31\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
\(a.2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ Tacó:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=17,6\\1,5x+y=\dfrac{61}{112}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{43}{190}\\y=\dfrac{2183}{10640}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=34,72\%\\m_{Fe}=65,28\%\end{matrix}\right.\\ b.BTNT\left(H\right):n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{61}{112}\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{\dfrac{61}{112}.98}{30\%}=177,92\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddsaupu}=17,6+177,92-\dfrac{61}{11,2}.2=194,43\left(g\right)\\Tacó:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{43}{190}\\n_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{2183}{10640}\end{matrix}\right. \\ C\%_{AlCl_3}=15,54\%;C\%_{FeCl_2}=13,4\%\)
\(a,\) Đặt \(\begin{cases} n_{Al}=x(mol)\\ n_{Fe}=y(mol \end{cases} \Rightarrow 27x+56y=17,6(1)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{12,2}{22,4}=0,54(mol)\\ PTHH:2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\to FeSO_4+H_2\\ \Rightarrow 1,5x+y=0,54(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow \begin{cases} x=0,22(mol)\\ y=0,21(mol) \end{cases} \Rightarrow \begin{cases} \%_{Al}=\dfrac{0,22.27}{17,6}.100\%=33,75\%\\ \%_{Fe}=100\%-33,75\%=66,25\% \end{cases}\\ b,\Sigma n_{H_2SO_4}=1,5x+y=0,54(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,54.98}{30\%}=176,4(g)\)
\(m_{H_2}=0,54.2=1,08(g)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd{\text{ sau phản ứng}}}=17,6+176,4-1,08=192,92(g)\\ n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,11(mol);n_{FeSO_4}=n_{Fe}=0,21(mol)\\ \Sigma m_{\text{các chất sau phản ứng}}=m_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}+m_{FeSO_4}=0,11.342+0,21.152=69,54(g)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{\text{chất sau phản ứng}}=\dfrac{69,54}{192,92}.100\%=36,05\%\)