cho hàm số \(f\left(x\right)=ax^2+bx+c\) thỏa mãn \(f\left(x\right)\le1\) \(\forall x\in\left[-1;1\right]\).
CMR: \(\left|a\right|+\left|b\right|+\left|c\right|\le4\)
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Lời giải:Đặt $A=f(1)=a+b+c; B=f(-1)=a-b+c; C=f(0)=c$
Theo đề bài: $|A|, |B|, |C|\leq 1$
\(|a|+|b|+|c|=|\frac{A+B}{2}-C|+|\frac{A-B}{2}|+|C|\)
\(\leq |\frac{A+B}{2}|+|-C|+|\frac{A-B}{2}|+|C|=|\frac{A}{2}|+|\frac{B}{2}|+|C|+|\frac{A}{2}|+|\frac{-B}{2}|+|C|\)
\(=|A|+|B|+2|C|\leq 1+1+2=4\) (đpcm)
\(f\left(-1\right)=2\Rightarrow-a+b-c+d=2\\ f\left(0\right)=1\Rightarrow d=1\\ f\left(1\right)=7\Rightarrow a+b+c+d=7\\ f\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)=3\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{8}a+\dfrac{1}{4}b+\dfrac{1}{2}c+d=3\)
\(d=1\Rightarrow-a+b-c=1;a+b+c=6\\ \Rightarrow2b=7\\ \Rightarrow b=\dfrac{7}{2}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{8}a+\dfrac{7}{8}+\dfrac{1}{2}c=2\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{4}a+\dfrac{7}{4}+c\right)=2\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}a+\dfrac{7}{4}+c=4\\ \Rightarrow a+7+4c=16\\ \Rightarrow a+4c=9;a+c=6-\dfrac{7}{2}=\dfrac{5}{2}\\ \Rightarrow3c=\dfrac{13}{2}\Rightarrow c=\dfrac{13}{6}\\ \Rightarrow a=\dfrac{5}{2}-\dfrac{13}{6}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Vậy \(\left(a;b;c;d\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{3};\dfrac{7}{2};\dfrac{13}{6};1\right)\)
\(f'\left(x\right)=2ax+b\)
\(f\left(x\right)+\left(x-1\right)f'\left(x\right)=ax^2+bx+c+\left(x-1\right)\left(2ax+b\right)\)
\(=3ax^2+\left(2b-2a\right)x+c-b\)
Yêu cầu bài toán thỏa mãn khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a=3\\2b-2a=0\\c-b=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)