Tìm hai số tự nhiên a và b biết: ƯCLN (a,b) + BCNN (a,b)=26
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a) goi hai so la a ; b va a >b
vi UCLN(a,b)=18=>a=18k ; b=18q (trong do UCLN (k,q)=1 va k>q)
=>a+b=162
18k+18q =162
18(k+q)=162
k+q=9
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52542000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 | 542454550212.100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 |
Không mất tính tổng quát giả sử \(a\le b\).
Nếu a = 0 thì (a, b) = b; [a, b] = 0 nên b = 26.
Xét a khác 0.
Đặt \(\left(a,b\right)=d\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=da'\\b=db'\end{matrix}\right.\) với (a', b') = 1; \(a'\le b'\).
Khi đó \(\left[a,b\right]=da'b'\).
Từ đề bài suy ra: \(d+da'b'=26\Leftrightarrow d\left(a'b'+1\right)=26\).
Do d, a', b' là các số tự nhiên nên ta có các trường hợp:
+) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}d=1\\a'b'=25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}d=1\\a'=1;b'=25\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=25\end{matrix}\right.\).
+) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}d=2\\a'b'=12\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}d=2\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}a'=1;b'=12\\a'=3;b'=4\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=2;b=24\\a=6;b=8\end{matrix}\right.\).
+) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}d=13\\a'b'=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}d=13\\a'=1;b'=1\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=13\\b=13\end{matrix}\right.\).
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