Cho x,y,z thỏa:
\(\sqrt{\left(2x-\sqrt{16}\right)^2}+\left(y^2\sqrt{ }64\right)^2+\left|x+y+z\right|=0\)
Tìm x,y,z
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Ta có: \(x^2\left(y+z\right)\ge x^2.2\sqrt{yz}=2\sqrt{x^4}.\sqrt{\frac{1}{x}}=2x\sqrt{x}\)(Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 2 số dương y,z và sử dụng giả thiết xyz = 1)
Hoàn toàn tương tự: \(y^2\left(z+x\right)\ge2y\sqrt{y};z^2\left(x+y\right)\ge2z\sqrt{z}\)
Do đó \(P=\frac{x^2\left(y+z\right)}{y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}}+\frac{y^2\left(z+x\right)}{z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}}+\frac{z^2\left(x+y\right)}{x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}}\)
\(\ge\frac{2x\sqrt{x}}{y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}}+\frac{2y\sqrt{y}}{z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}}+\frac{2z\sqrt{z}}{x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}}\)
Đặt \(a=x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}\), \(b=y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}\), \(c=z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}\)
Suy ra: \(x\sqrt{x}=\frac{4c+a-2b}{9}\), \(y\sqrt{y}=\frac{4a+b-2c}{9}\), \(z\sqrt{z}=\frac{4b+c-2a}{9}\)
Do đó \(P\ge\frac{2}{9}\left(\frac{4c+a-2b}{b}+\frac{4a+b-2c}{c}+\frac{4b+c-2a}{a}\right)\)
\(=\frac{2}{9}\left[4\left(\frac{c}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)-6\right]\)
\(\ge\frac{2}{9}\left[4.3\sqrt[3]{\frac{c}{b}.\frac{a}{c}.\frac{b}{a}}+3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a}{b}.\frac{b}{c}.\frac{c}{a}}-6\right]\)(Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 3 số dương)
\(=\frac{2}{9}\left[4.3+3-6\right]=2\)
Vậy \(P\ge2\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cauchy:
\(P=\sum\dfrac{x^2\left(y+z\right)}{y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}}\ge\sum\dfrac{2x^2\sqrt{yz}}{y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}}=\sum\dfrac{2\sqrt{x^3}\sqrt{xyz}}{\sqrt{y^3}+2\sqrt{z^3}}=\sum\dfrac{2\sqrt{x^3}}{\sqrt{y^3}+2\sqrt{z^3}}\)(vì xyz=1).
đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^3}=a\\\sqrt{y^3}=b\\\sqrt{z^3}=c\end{matrix}\right.\)(\(a,b,c>0\))thì giả thiết trở thành cho abc=1. tìm Min \(P=\dfrac{2a}{b+2c}+\dfrac{2b}{c+2a}+\dfrac{2c}{a+2b}\)
Áp dụng BĐT cauchy-schwarz:
\(P=2\left(\dfrac{a^2}{ab+2ac}+\dfrac{b^2}{bc+2ab}+\dfrac{c^2}{ac+2bc}\right)\ge\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=2\)( AM-GM \(3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le\left(a+b+c\right)^2\))
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c=1 hay x=y=z=1
Áp dụng BĐT Cô si ta có:
\(x+y\ge2\sqrt{xy}=2\cdot\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}};y+z\ge2\sqrt{yz}=2\cdot\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}};z+x\ge2\sqrt{xz}=2\cdot\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}.\)( vì xyz=1)
=> P\(\ge\)\(\frac{2x\sqrt{x}}{y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}}\)+ \(\frac{2y\sqrt{y}}{z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}}+\frac{2z\sqrt{z}}{x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}}\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}\\b=z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}\\c=x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}\end{cases}\left(a;b;c\ge0\right)}\)<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}4a+b=2c+9z\sqrt{z}\\4b+c=2a+9x\sqrt{x}\\4c+a=2b+9y\sqrt{y}\end{cases}}\)
<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}z\sqrt{z}=\frac{4a+b-2c}{9}\\x\sqrt{x}=\frac{4b+c-2a}{9}\\y\sqrt{y}=\frac{4c+a-2b}{9}\end{cases}}\)
Do đó:
P \(\ge\)\(\frac{2}{9}\cdot\left(\frac{4a+b-2c}{c}+\frac{4b+c-2a}{a}+\frac{4c+a-2b}{b}\right)\)
<=> P \(\ge\)\(\frac{2}{9}\left(4\left(\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{b}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{a}{b}\right)-6\right)\)
<=> P \(\ge\frac{2}{9}\cdot\left(4\cdot3\cdot\sqrt[3]{\frac{a}{c}\cdot\frac{b}{a}\cdot\frac{c}{b}}+3\cdot\sqrt[3]{\frac{b}{c}\cdot\frac{c}{a}\cdot\frac{a}{b}}-6\right)\)( Áp dụng BĐT Cô si cho 3 số ko âm)
<=> P \(\ge\frac{2}{9}\left(12+3-6\right)=2\)( đpcm)
Dấu = khi x=y=z=1.
\(A=\sqrt{x^2+y\left(y-2x\right)}+\sqrt{y^2+z\left(z-2y\right)}+\sqrt{x^2+z\left(z-2x\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{x^2-2xy+y^2}+\sqrt{y^2-2yz-z^2}+\sqrt{x^2-2xz+z^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(x-y\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(y-z\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(z-x\right)^2}\)
\(=x-y+y-z+z-x\)
\(=0\)
Lời giải:
Từ \(x+y+z=xyz\Rightarrow \frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{xz}=1\)
Đặt \((\frac{1}{a}, \frac{1}{b}, \frac{1}{c})=(x,y,z)\), trong đó $a,b,c>0$ thì ta có:
\(ab+bc+ac=1\) và cần phải CMR:
\(P=\frac{\sqrt{(\frac{1}{b^2}+1)(\frac{1}{c^2}+1})-\sqrt{\frac{1}{b^2}+1}-\sqrt{\frac{1}{c^2}+1}}{\frac{1}{bc}}+\frac{\sqrt{(\frac{1}{c^2}+1)(\frac{1}{a^2}+1})-\sqrt{\frac{1}{c^2}+1}-\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+1}}{\frac{1}{ac}}+\frac{\sqrt{(\frac{1}{a^2}+1)(\frac{1}{b^2}+1})-\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+1}-\sqrt{\frac{1}{b^2}+1}}{\frac{1}{ab}}\)
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Ta có:
\(\frac{\sqrt{(\frac{1}{b^2}+1)(\frac{1}{c^2}+1})-\sqrt{\frac{1}{b^2}+1}-\sqrt{\frac{1}{c^2}+1}}{\frac{1}{bc}}=\sqrt{(b^2+1)(c^2+1)}-b\sqrt{c^2+1}-c\sqrt{b^2+1}\)
\(=\sqrt{(b^2+ab+bc+ac)(c^2+ac+bc+ab)}-b\sqrt{c^2+ac+bc+ab}-c\sqrt{b^2+ab+bc+ac}\)
\(=\sqrt{(b+a)(b+c)(c+a)(c+b)}-b\sqrt{(c+a)(c+b)}-c\sqrt{(b+a)(b+c)}\)
\(=(b+c)\sqrt{(a+b)(a+c)}-b\sqrt{(c+a)(c+b)}-c\sqrt{(b+a)(b+c)}(1)\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{\sqrt{(\frac{1}{c^2}+1)(\frac{1}{a^2}+1})-\sqrt{\frac{1}{c^2}+1}-\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+1}}{\frac{1}{ac}}=(a+c)\sqrt{(b+a)(b+c)}-a\sqrt{(c+a)(c+b)}-c\sqrt{(a+b)(a+c)}(2)\)
\(\frac{\sqrt{(\frac{1}{a^2}+1)(\frac{1}{b^2}+1})-\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+1}-\sqrt{\frac{1}{b^2}+1}}{\frac{1}{ab}}=(a+b)\sqrt{(c+a)(c+b)}-b\sqrt{(a+b)(a+c)}-a\sqrt{(b+c)(b+a)}(3)\)
Từ \((1);(2);(3)\Rightarrow P=(b+c-c-b)\sqrt{(a+b)(a+c)}+(a+c-c-a)\sqrt{(b+a)(b+c)}+(a+b-b-a)\sqrt{(c+a)(c+b)}\)
\(=0\)
Ta có đpcm.
\(\sqrt{\left(2x-\sqrt{16}\right)^2}+\left(y^2.64\right)^2+lx+y+zl=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2x-4}+8y^4+lx+y+zl=0\)
\(\sqrt{2x-4};8y^4;lx+y+zl\ge0\)mà \(\sqrt{2x-4}+8y^4+lx+y+zl=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2x-4}=8y^4=lx+y+zl=0\)
=>2x-4=y4=lx+y+zl=0
=>x=2;y=0;z=-2
Vậy x=2;y=0;z=-2
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