Cho x,y là các số tự nhiên thỏa mãn 2^x+5999=4y
Tìm giá trị của biểu thức (x-1)^2019 +(y -1501)^2020
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\(2x^2+y^2+9=6x+2xy\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-6x+9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-3\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-3=0\\x-y=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x=y=3\)
\(\Rightarrow A=x^{2019}.y^{2020}-x^{2020}.y^{2019}+\frac{1}{9xy}=\frac{1}{27}\)
Có xy ≤ 1/4 (x+y)^2
=> 3xy ≤ 3/4 (x+y)^2
=> T = x^2-xy+y^2 = (x+y)^2 - 3xy ≥ (x+y)^2 - 3/4 (x+y)^2 = 1/4 (x+y)^2
=10201/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=101/2
T = (x+y)^2 - 3xy <= (x+y)^2 = 101^2 = 10201
Dấu = xảy ra khi 1 số = 0, 1 số = 101
x+y=1=>y=1-x
\(Q=2x^2-y^2+x+\frac{1}{x}+2020\)\(=2x^2-\left(1-x\right)^2+x+\frac{1}{x}+2020\)\(=2x^2-\left(1-2x+x^2\right)+x+\frac{1}{x}+2020\)\(=2x^2-1+2x-x^2+x+\frac{1}{x}+2020\)
\(=\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)+2018\)\(=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)+2018\)
Ta có: \(\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x>0\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho 2 số dương \(x\)và \(\frac{1}{x}\):
\(x+\frac{1}{x}\ge2\sqrt{x.\frac{1}{x}}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow Q\ge2+2018=2020\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=0\\x=\frac{1}{x}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow x=-1}\)\(\Rightarrow y=1-\left(-1\right)=2\)
Vậy \(minQ=2020\Leftrightarrow x=-1;y=2\)
ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2020-y^2\ge0\\2020-z^2\ge0\\2020-x^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có:
\(x\sqrt{2020-y^2}+y\sqrt{2020-z^2}+z\sqrt{2020-x^2}=3030\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\sqrt{2020-y^2}+2y\sqrt{2020-z^2}+2z\sqrt{2020-x^2}=6060\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2020-y^2-2x\sqrt{2020-y^2}+x^2+2020-z^2-2y\sqrt{2020-z^2}+y^2+2020-x^2-2z\sqrt{2020-x^2}+z^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2020-y^2}-x\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{2020-z^2}-y\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{2020-x^2}-z\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2020-y^2}-x\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{2020-z^2}-y\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{2020-x^2}-z\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2020-y^2}=x\\\sqrt{2020-z^2}=y\\\sqrt{2020-x^2}=z\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2020-y^2=x^2\\2020-z^2=y^2\\2020-x^2=z^2\end{matrix}\right.\)(vì \(x,y,z>0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2020=x^2+y^2\\2020=y^2+z^2\\2020=z^2+x^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=3.2020\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2=3.1010=3030\)
\(\Rightarrow A=x^2+y^2+z^2=3030\)
Vậy \(A=3030\)
x2 + 2y2 + z2 - 2xy - 2y - 4z + 5 = 0
<=> ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) + ( y2 - 2y + 1 ) + ( z2 - 4z + 4 ) = 0
<=> ( x - y )2 + ( y - 1 )2 + ( z - 2 )2 = 0
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(z-2\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}}\forall x;y;z\)=> ( x - y )2 + ( y - 1 )2 + ( z - 2 )2\(\ge\)0\(\forall\)x ; y ; z
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=>\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-y\right)^2=0\\\left(y-1\right)^2=0\\\left(z-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)<=>\(\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=1\\z=2\end{cases}}\)( 1 )
Thay ( 1 ) vào A , ta được :
\(A=\left(1-1\right)^{2020}+\left(1-2\right)^{2020}+\left(2-3\right)^{2020}=0+1+1=2\)
Vậy A = 2
Ta có: \(x^2+2y^2+z^2-2xy-2y-4z+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+\left(z^2-4z+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+\left(z-2\right)^2=0\)
Mà \(VT\ge0\left(\forall x,y,z\right)\) nên dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-y\right)^2=0\\\left(y-1\right)^2=0\\\left(z-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=1\\z=2\end{cases}}\)
Lời giải:
Nếu $x\geq 1$ thì $2^x$ chẵn
$\Rightarrow 2^x+5999$ lẻ
$\Rightarrow 4y$ lẻ (vô lý)
Do đó $x<1$. Mà $x$ tự nhiên nên $x=0$
$4y=2^x+5999=2^0+5999=6000$
$\Rightarrow y=1500$
Vậy $x=0; y=1500$
$(x-1)^{2019}+(y-1501)^{2020}=(0-1)^{2019}+(1500-1501)^{2020}$
$=(-1)+1=0$