Bài 5: Phân tích đa thức sau thành nhân tử
a) x (a - b) + 2a - 2b
b) ax + by + 5x + 5y
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a,x^2-x-y^2-y
=x^2-y^2-(x+y)
=(x-y).(x+y)-(x+y)
=(x+y).(x-y-1)
b, x^2-2xy+y^2-z^2
=(x^2-2xy+y^2)-z^2
=(x-y)^2-z^2
=(x-y-z)(x-y+z)
c,5x-5y+ax-ay( đề bài ở đây phải là -ay ms tính đc)
=(5x-5y)+(ax-ay)
=5(x-y)+a(x-y)
=(x-y).(5+a)
d,a^3-a^2.x-ay+xy
=(a^3-a^2x)-(ay-xy)
=a^2(a-x)-y(a-x)
=(a-x)(a^2-y)
e,4x^2-y^2+4x+1
={(2x)^2+4x+1}-y^2
=(2x+1)^2-y^2
=(2x+1+y^2)(2x+1-y^2)
f,x^3-x+y^3-y
=(x^3+y^3)-(x+y)
=(x+y)(x^2-xy+y^2)-(x+y)
=(x+y)(x^2-xy+y^2-1)
Lời giải:
a. $a^4+a^3+a^2+a=(a^4+a^3)+(a^2+a)$
$=a^3(a+1)+a(a+1)=(a+1)(a^3+a)=a(a+1)(a^2+1)$
b. $3xy^2+5y-3x^2y+(-5x)=(3xy^2-3x^2y)+(5y-5x)$
$=3xy(y-x)+5(y-x)=(y-x)(3xy+5)$
c. $xy-z+y-xz=(xy+y)-(z+xz)=y(x+1)-z(x+1)=(x+1)(y-z)$
d.
$x^2-bx+ax-ab=(a^2+ax)-(bx+ab)=a(a+x)-b(a+x)=(a+x)(a-b)$
Bài 1:
a: Ta có: \(\left(6x+3\right)-\left(2x-5\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)\left(3-2x+5\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)\left(8-2x\right)\)
\(=2\left(4-x\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(\left(3x-2\right)\left(4x-3\right)-\left(2-3x\right)\left(x-1\right)-2\left(3x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-2\right)\left(4x-3\right)+\left(3x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)-\left(3x-2\right)\left(2x+2\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-2\right)\left(4x-3+x-1-2x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-2\right)\left(3x-6\right)\)
\(=3\left(3x-2\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
Bài 2:
a: Ta có: \(\left(a-b\right)\left(a+2b\right)-\left(b-a\right)\left(2a-b\right)-\left(a-b\right)\left(a+3b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+2b\right)+\left(a-b\right)\left(2a-b\right)-\left(a-b\right)\left(a+3b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+2b+2a-b-a-3b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(2a-4b\right)\)
\(=2\left(a-b\right)\left(a-2b\right)\)
f: Ta có: \(x^2-6xy+9y^2+4x-12y\)
\(=\left(x-3y\right)^2+4\left(x-3y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3y\right)\left(x-3y+4\right)\)
a) x2-xy+5y-25
= x(2-y)+ 5(y-2)
= x(2-y)-5(2-y)
= (x-5)(2-y)
`a)x^4+2x^2y+y^2`
`=(x^2+y)^2`
`b)(2a+b)^2-(2b+a)^2`
`=(2a+b-2b-a)(2a+b+2b+a)`
`=(a-b)(3a+3b)`
`=3(a-b)(a+b)`
`c)8a^3-27b^3-2a(4a^2-9b^2)`
`=(2a-3b)(4a^2+6ab+9b^2)-2a(2a-3b)(2a+3b)`
`=(2a-3b)(4a^2+6ab+9b^2-3a^2-6ab)`
`=9b^2(2a-3b)`
a) Ta có: \(x^4+2x^2y+y^2\)
\(=\left(x^2\right)^2+2\cdot x^2\cdot y+y^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+y\right)^2\)
b) Ta có: \(\left(2a+b\right)^2-\left(2b+a\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2a+b-2b-a\right)\left(2a+b+2b+a\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(3a+3b\right)\)
\(=3\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)\)
\(2x^2-7x+5=\left(2x^2-2x\right)-\left(5x-5\right)=2x\left(x-1\right)-5\left(x-1\right)=\left(2x-5\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
\(3x^2+5x+2=\left(3x^2+3x\right)+\left(2x+2\right)=3x\left(x+1\right)+2\left(x+1\right)=\left(3x+2\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
a: \(2x^2-7x+5=\left(x-1\right)\left(2x-5\right)\)
b: \(3x^2+5x+2=\left(x+1\right)\left(3x+2\right)\)
\(a,x\left(a-b\right)+2a-2b=x\left(a-b\right)+2\left(a-b\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(x+2\right)\\ b,Sửa:ax+ay+5x+5y=a\left(x+y\right)+5\left(x+y\right)=\left(a+5\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(a,=\left(x+2\right)\left(a-b\right)\\ b,Sửa:ax+ay+5x+5y\\ =a\left(x+y\right)+5\left(x+y\right)\\ =\left(a+5\right)\left(x+y\right)\)