Tính thể tích không khí (ở đktc) cần dùng để đốt cháy hết 115 ml rượu etylic (có khối lượng riêng là 0,8 g/ml). Biết oxi chiếm 20% thể tích không khí.
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\(a,C_2H_5OH+3O_2\xrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+3H_2O\\ b,m_{C_2H_5OH}=49.0,8=39,2(g)\\ \Rightarrow n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{39,2}{46}=\dfrac{98}{115}(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{98}{115}.3=\dfrac{294}{115}(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{kk}=\dfrac{\dfrac{294}{115}.22,4}{20\%}\approx286,33(l)\)
a) C2H5OH + 3O2 --to-->2CO2 + 3H2O
b) \(m_{C_2H_5OH}=0,8.49=39,2\left(g\right)=>n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{39,2}{46}=\dfrac{98}{115}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: C2H5OH + 3O2 --to-->2CO2 + 3H2O
_______\(\dfrac{98}{115}\)-->\(\dfrac{294}{115}\)
=> \(V_{O_2}=\dfrac{294}{115}.22,4=57,266\left(l\right)\)
=> Vkk = 57,266 : 20% = 286,33(l)
\(V_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{20.96}{100}=19,2\left(ml\right)\)
=> \(m_{C_2H_5OH}\) = 19,2.0,8 = 15,36 (g)
=> \(n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{15,36}{46}=\dfrac{192}{575}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(C_2H_5OH+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+3H_2O\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{576}{575}\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=\dfrac{576}{575}.22,4=\dfrac{12902,4}{575}\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)
\(C_2H_5OH+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+3H_2O\)
0,2 0,6 0,4 0,6
a)\(m_{C_2H_5OH}=0,2\cdot46=9,2g\)
b)\(V_{O_2}=0,6\cdot22,4=13,44l\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=5\cdot13,44=67,2l\)
PTHH: \(C_2H_5OH+3O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2CO_2+3H_2O_{ }\)
\(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{160}{100}=1,6\left(mol\right)=n_{CO_2}\) \(\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=2,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=\dfrac{2,4\cdot22,4}{20\%}=268,8\left(l\right)\)
b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{CO_2}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a=C\%_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{0,8\cdot46}{50\cdot0,8}\cdot100\%=92\%=92^o\)
2H2+O2-to>2H2O
0,2----0,1-----0,2
n H2=0,2 mol
=>m H2O=0,2.18=3,6g
=>Vkk=0,1.22,4.5=11.2l
a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2H2 + O2 ----to----> 2H2O
Mol: 0,2 0,1 0,2
\(m_{H_2O}=0,2.18=3,6\left(g\right)\)
b, \(V_{O_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\Rightarrow V_{kk}=2,24.5=11,2\left(l\right)\)
Theo gt ta có: $n_{H_2}=0,75(mol)$
a, $2H_2+O_2\rightarrow 2H_2O$
Ta có: $n_{O_2}=0,5.n_{H_2}=0,375(mol)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=8,4(l)\Rightarrow V_{kk}=42(l)$
b, $2KMnO_4\rightarrow K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2$
Ta có: $n_{KMnO_4}=2.n_{O_2}=0,75(mol)\Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=118,5(g)$
a)
\(2H_2 + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2H_2O\\ V_{O_2} = \dfrac{V_{H_2}}{2} = \dfrac{16,8}{2} = 8,4(lít)\\ V_{không\ khí} = \dfrac{8,4}{20\%} = 42(lít)\)
b)
\(n_{O_2} = \dfrac{8,4}{22,4} = 0,375(mol)\\ 2KMnO_4 \xrightarrow{t^o} K_2MnO_4 + MnO_2 + O_2\\ n_{KMnO_4} = 2n_{O_2} = 0,75(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4} = 0,75.158 = 118,5(gam)\\ 2KClO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2KCl + 3O_2\\ n_{KClO_3} = \dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2} = 0,25(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{KClO_3} = 0,25.122,5 = 30,625(gam)\)
a, \(C_2H_6O+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+3H_2O\)
b, \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{CO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
c, \(n_{C_2H_6O}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{CO_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{C_2H_6O}=0,1.46=4,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{C_2H_6O}=\dfrac{4,6}{0,8}=5,75\left(ml\right)\)
Độ rượu = \(\dfrac{5,75}{50}.100=11,5^o\)
\(n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{9,2}{46}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_2H_5OH+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,2 0,6 0,4 0,4
\(a,V_{O_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)
\(V_{kk}=13,44.5=67,2\left(l\right)\)
b, \(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\)
0,4 0,4
\(m_{CaCO_3}=0,4.100=40\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{CaCO_3tt}=40.95\%=38\left(g\right)\)
a)
\(m_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{50.4}{100}=2\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=50-2=48\left(g\right)\)
b)
\(n_S=\dfrac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: S + O2 --to--> SO2
0,2->0,2
=> VO2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
=> Vkk = 4,48 : 20% = 22,4 (l)
a.\(m_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{50.4}{100}=2g\)
\(m_{H_2O}=50-2=48g\)
b.\(n_S=\dfrac{6,4}{32}=0,2mol\)
\(S+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)SO_2\)
0,2 0,2 ( mol )
\(V_{kk}=V_{O_2}.5=\left(0,2.22,4\right).5=22,4l\)
\(PTHH:C_2H_5OH+3O_2\rightarrow^{t^o}2CO_2+3H_2O\\ m_{C_2H_5OH}=115\cdot0,8=92\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{92}{46}=2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{O_2}=6\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{O_2}=6\cdot22,4=134,4\left(l\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{kk}=\dfrac{134,4\cdot100\%}{20\%}=672\left(l\right)\)