Cho a, b, c là các số thỏa mãn điều kiện a = b + c. Khi đó
A. a 3 + b 3 a 3 + c 3 = a + b a + c
B. a 3 + b 3 a 3 + c 3 = a + c a + b
C. a 3 + b 3 a 3 + c 3 = b + c a + b
D. a 3 + b 3 a 3 + c 3 = b + c a + c
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\(a,\dfrac{3}{a+b}=\dfrac{2}{b+c}=\dfrac{1}{c+a}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{3}=\dfrac{b+c}{2}=\dfrac{c+a}{1}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{6}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{3}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{3}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{3}\\ \Rightarrow3\left(a+b+c\right)=3\left(a+b\right)\\ \Rightarrow3\left(a+b\right)+3c=3\left(a+b\right)\\ \Rightarrow3c=0\\ \Rightarrow c=0\)
Vậy \(P=\dfrac{a+b-2019c}{a+b+2018c}=\dfrac{a+b}{a+b}=1\)
Mình có cách này,không chắc lắm:
\(VT=\frac{a}{a\left(a^2+bc+1\right)}+\frac{b}{b\left(b^2+ac+1\right)}+\frac{c}{c\left(c^2+ab+1\right)}\) (làm tắt,bạn tự hiểu nha)
\(=\frac{1}{a^2+bc+1}+\frac{1}{b^2+ac+1}+\frac{1}{c^2+ab+1}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{a}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{b}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{c}}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}\left[\left(1+1+1\right)-\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{a}-1}{\sqrt[3]{a}}+\frac{\sqrt[3]{b}-1}{\sqrt[3]{b}}+\frac{\sqrt[3]{c}-1}{\sqrt[3]{c}}\right)\right]\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{a}-1}{\sqrt[3]{a}}+\frac{\sqrt[3]{b}-1}{\sqrt[3]{b}}+\frac{\sqrt[3]{c}-1}{\sqrt[3]{c}}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô si với biểu thức trong ngoặc:
\(=1-\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{a}-1}{\sqrt[3]{a}}+\frac{\sqrt[3]{b}-1}{\sqrt[3]{b}}+\frac{\sqrt[3]{c}-1}{\sqrt[3]{c}}\right)\)
\(\le1-\sqrt[3]{\left(\sqrt[3]{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt[3]{b}-1\right)\left(\sqrt[3]{c-1}\right)}\le1^{\left(đpcm\right)}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1
Ta c/m bđt sau:
\(a^3+1\ge a^2+a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+1-a^2-a\ge0\Leftrightarrow a\left(a^2-1\right)-\left(a^2-1\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2\left(a+1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a^3+a+1}\le\frac{a}{a^2+2a}=\frac{1}{a+2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a^3+a+1}+\frac{b}{b^3+b+1}+\frac{c}{c^3+c+1}\le\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+2}\)
Đặt \((a,b,c)\rightarrow(\frac{x}{y},\frac{y}{z},\frac{z}{x})\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+2}=\frac{y}{x+2y}+\frac{z}{y+2z}+\frac{x}{z+2x}=\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{x}{x+2y}+1-\frac{y}{y+2z}+1-\frac{z}{z+2x}\right)=\frac{3}{2}-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x^2}{x^2+2xy}+\frac{y^2}{y^2+2yz}+\frac{z^2}{z^2+2xy}\right)\)\(\le\frac{3}{2}-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx}\right)=\frac{3}{2}-\frac{1}{2}.\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=1\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
Lớp 7 gì mà dễ ẹc :))
\(\frac{2a-b}{a+b}=\frac{2}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6a-3b=2a+2b\)
\(\Rightarrow4a=5b\)
\(\frac{b-c+a}{2a-b}=\frac{2}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a-2b=3b-3c+3a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=5b-3c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-5b=-3c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-4a=-3c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3a=-3c\)
\(\Rightarrow a=c\)
Ta có : \(P=\frac{\left(5b+4a\right)^5}{\left(5b+4c\right)^2\left(a+3c\right)^3}=\frac{\left(4a+4a\right)^5}{\left(4a+4a\right)^2\left(a+3a\right)^3}=\frac{\left(8a\right)^3}{\left(4a\right)^3}=8\)
Ta có a 3 + b 3 = ( a + b ) ( a 2 – a b + b 2 ) mà a = b + c nên
a 3 + b 3 = ( a + b ) ( a 2 – a b + b 2 ) = ( a + b ) [ ( b + c ) 2 – ( b + c ) b + b 2 ] = ( a + b ) ( b 2 + 2 b c + c 2 – b 2 – b c + b 2 ) = ( a + b ) ( b 2 + b c + c 2 )
Tương tự ta có
a 3 + c 3 = ( a + c ) ( a 2 – a c + c 2 ) = ( a + c ) [ ( b + c ) 2 – ( b + c ) c + c 2 ] = ( a + c ) ( b 2 + 2 b c + c 2 – c 2 – b c + c 2 ) = ( a + c ) ( b 2 + b c + c 2 )
Từ đó ta có
a 3 + b 3 a 3 + c 3 = ( a + b ) ( b 2 + b c + c 2 ) ( a + c ) ( b 2 + b c + c 2 ) = a + b a + c
Đáp án cần chọn là: A