Tính M= A n + 1 4 + 3 A n 3 ( n + 1 ) ! , biết C n + 1 2 + 2 C n + 2 2 + 2 C n + 3 2 + C n + 4 2 = 149
A: 1/2
B: 2/3
C: 3/4
D: 4/5
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Câu 2:
a: \(\Leftrightarrow n-2+7⋮n-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n-2\in\left\{1;-1;7;-7\right\}\)
hay \(n\in\left\{3;1;9;-5\right\}\)
b: \(\Leftrightarrow2n-10+11⋮n-5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n-5\in\left\{1;-1;11;-11\right\}\)
hay \(n\in\left\{6;4;16;-6\right\}\)
d: \(\Leftrightarrow n^2-1+4⋮n-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n-1\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4\right\}\)
hay \(n\in\left\{2;0;3;-1;5;-3\right\}\)
a)Ta có:
\(\left(n+5\right)⋮\left(n-1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(n-1+6\right)⋮\left(n-1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow6⋮\left(n-1\right)\)
Ta có bảng sau:
\(n-1\) | -6 | -3 | -2 | -1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 |
n | -5 | -2 | -1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 7 |
TM | TM | TM | TM | TM | TM | TM | TM |
b)\(\left(2n-4\right)⋮\left(n+2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2n+4-8\right)⋮\left(n+2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow8⋮\left(n+2\right)\)
Ta có bảng sau:
n+2 | -8 | -4 | -2 | -1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 8 |
n | -10 | -6 | -4 | -3 | -1 | 0 | 2 | 6 |
TM | TM | TM | TM | TM | TM | TM | TM |
c)Ta có:
\(\left(6n+4\right)⋮\left(2n+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(6n+3+1\right)⋮\left(2n+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow1⋮\left(2n+1\right)\)
Ta có bảng sau:
2n+1 | -1 | 1 |
2n | -2 | 0 |
n | -1 | 0 |
d)Ta có:
\(\left(3-2n\right)⋮\left(n+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(-2n-2+5\right)⋮\left(n+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow5⋮\left(n+1\right)\)
Ta có bảng sau:
n+1 | -5 | -1 | 1 | 5 |
n | -6 | -2 | 0 | 4 |
bài 1) Đặt \(B=\frac{m-n}{p}+\frac{n-p}{m}+\frac{p-m}{n}\)
Ta có: \(A=B.\left(\frac{p}{m-n}+\frac{m}{n-p}+\frac{n}{p-m}\right)=B.\frac{p}{m-n}+B.\frac{m}{n-p}+B.\frac{n}{p-m}\)
\(B.\frac{p}{m-n}=\left(\frac{m-n}{p}+\frac{n-p}{m}+\frac{p-m}{n}\right).\frac{p}{m-n}=\frac{m-n}{p}.\frac{p}{m-n}+\frac{n-p}{m}.\frac{p}{m-n}+\frac{p-m}{n}.\frac{p}{m-n}\)
\(=1+\frac{n-p}{m}.\frac{p}{m-n}+\frac{p-m}{n}.\frac{p}{m-n}=1+\frac{p}{m-n}.\left(\frac{n-p}{m}+\frac{p-m}{n}\right)\)
\(=1+\frac{p}{m-n}.\left[\frac{\left(n-p\right).n}{mn}+\frac{\left(p-m\right).m}{mn}\right]=1+\frac{p}{m-n}.\frac{n^2-np+pm-m^2}{mn}\)
\(=1+\frac{p}{m-n}.\frac{\left(m-n\right).\left(p-m-n\right)}{mn}=1+\frac{p.\left(m-n\right).\left(p-m-n\right)}{\left(m-n\right).mn}=1+\frac{p.\left(p-m-n\right)}{mn}\)
\(=1+\frac{p^2-pm-pn}{mn}=1+\frac{p^2-p.\left(m+n\right)}{mn}\)
Vì m+n+p=0=>m+n=-p
\(=>B.\frac{p}{m-n}=1+\frac{p^2-p.\left(-p\right)}{mn}=1+\frac{2p^2}{mn}=1+\frac{2p^3}{mnp}\left(1\right)\)
\(B.\frac{m}{n-p}=\left(\frac{m-n}{p}+\frac{n-p}{m}+\frac{p-m}{n}\right).\frac{m}{n-p}=\frac{m-n}{p}.\frac{m}{n-p}+\frac{n-p}{m}.\frac{m}{n-p}+\frac{p-m}{n}.\frac{m}{n-p}\)
\(=1+\frac{m-n}{p}.\frac{m}{n-p}+\frac{p-m}{n}.\frac{m}{n-p}=1+\frac{m}{n-p}.\left(\frac{m-n}{p}+\frac{p-m}{n}\right)\)
\(=1+\frac{m}{n-p}.\left[\frac{\left(m-n\right).n}{np}+\frac{\left(p-m\right).p}{np}\right]=1+\frac{m}{n-p}.\frac{mn-n^2+p^2-mp}{np}\)
\(=1+\frac{m}{n-p}.\frac{\left(n-p\right).\left(m-n-p\right)}{np}=1+\frac{m.\left(n-p\right).\left(m-n-p\right)}{\left(n-p\right).np}=1+\frac{m.\left(m-n-p\right)}{np}\)
\(=1+\frac{m^2-mn-mp}{np}=1+\frac{m^2-m\left(n+p\right)}{np}=1+\frac{m^2-m.\left(-m\right)}{np}=1+\frac{2m^2}{np}=1+\frac{2m^3}{mnp}\left(2\right)\) (vì m+n+p=0=>n+p=-m)
\(B.\frac{n}{p-m}=\left(\frac{m-n}{p}+\frac{n-p}{m}+\frac{p-m}{n}\right).\frac{n}{p-m}=\frac{m-n}{p}.\frac{n}{p-m}+\frac{n-p}{m}.\frac{n}{p-m}+\frac{p-m}{n}.\frac{n}{p-m}\)
\(=1+\frac{m-n}{p}.\frac{n}{p-m}+\frac{n-p}{m}.\frac{n}{p-m}=1+\frac{n}{p-m}.\left(\frac{m-n}{p}+\frac{n-p}{m}\right)\)
\(=1+\frac{n}{p-m}.\left[\frac{\left(m-n\right).m}{pm}+\frac{\left(n-p\right).p}{pm}\right]=1+\frac{n}{p-m}.\frac{m^2-mn+np-p^2}{pm}\)
\(=1+\frac{n}{p-m}.\frac{\left(p-m\right).\left(n-p-m\right)}{pm}=1+\frac{n.\left(p-m\right).\left(n-p-m\right)}{\left(p-m\right).pm}=1+\frac{n.\left(n-p-m\right)}{pm}\)
\(=1+\frac{n^2-np-mn}{pm}=1+\frac{n^2-n\left(p+m\right)}{pm}=1+\frac{n^2-n.\left(-n\right)}{pm}=1+\frac{2n^2}{pm}=1+\frac{2n^3}{mnp}\left(3\right)\) (vì m+n+p=0=>p+m=-n)
Từ (1),(2),(3) suy ra :
\(A=B.\frac{p}{m-n}+B.\frac{m}{n-p}+B.\frac{n}{p-m}=\left(1+\frac{2p^3}{mnp}\right)+\left(1+\frac{2m^3}{mnp}\right)+\left(1+\frac{2n^3}{mnp}\right)\)
\(=3+\frac{2p^3}{mnp}+\frac{2m^3}{mnp}+\frac{2n^3}{mnp}=3+\frac{2.\left(m^3+n^3+p^3\right)}{mnp}\)
*Tới đây để tính được m3+n3+p3,ta cần CM được bài toán phụ sau:
Đề: Cho m+n+p=0.CMR: \(m^3+n^3+p^3=3mnp\)
Từ m+n+p=0=>m+n=-p
Ta có: \(m^3+n^3+p^3=\left(m+n\right)^3-3m^2n-3mn^2+p^3=-p^3-3mn\left(m+n\right)+p^3\)
\(=-3mn\left(m+n\right)=-3mn.\left(-p\right)=3mnp\)
Vậy ta đã CM được bài toán phụ
*Trở lại bài toán chính: \(A=3+\frac{2.3mnp}{mnp}=3+\frac{6mnp}{mnp}=3+6=9\)
Vậy A=9
bài 2)
a)Nhận thấy các thừa số của A đều có dạng tổng quát sau:
\(n^3+1=n^3+1^3=\left(n+1\right)\left(n^2-n+1\right)=\left(n+1\right).\left(n^2-n+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}\right)\)
\(=\left(n+1\right).\left(n^2-2.n.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}\right)=\left(n+1\right).\left[\left(n-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\right]=\left(n+1\right).\left[\left(n-0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]\)
\(n^3-1=n^3-1^3=\left(n-1\right)\left(n^2+n+1\right)=\left(n-1\right).\left(n^2+n+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}\right)\)
\(=\left(n-1\right).\left(n^2+2.n.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}\right)=\left(n-1\right).\left[\left(n+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\right]=\left(n-1\right).\left[\left(n+0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]\)
suy ra \(\frac{n^3+1}{n^3-1}=\frac{\left(n+1\right).\left[\left(n-0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}{\left(n-1\right).\left[\left(n+0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}\)
Do đó: \(\frac{2^3+1}{2^3-1}=\frac{\left(2+1\right).\left[\left(2-0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}{\left(2-1\right).\left[\left(2+0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}=\frac{3.\left(1,5^2+0,75\right)}{1.\left(2,5^2+0,75\right)}\)
\(\frac{3^3+1}{3^3-1}=\frac{\left(3+1\right).\left[\left(3-0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}{\left(3-1\right).\left[\left(3+0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}=\frac{4.\left(2,5^2+0,75\right)}{2.\left(3,5^2+0,75\right)}\)
...........................
\(\frac{10^3+1}{10^3-1}=\frac{\left(10+1\right).\left[\left(10-0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}{\left(10-1\right).\left[\left(10+0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}=\frac{11.\left(9,5^2+0,75\right)}{9.\left(10,5^2+0,75\right)}\)
\(=>A=\frac{3\left(1,5^2+0,75\right).4\left(2,5^2+0,75\right)........11.\left(9,5^2+0,75\right)}{1\left(2,5^2+0,75\right).2.\left(3,5^2+0,75\right)........9\left(10,5^2+0,75\right)}=\frac{3.4........11}{1.2......9}.\frac{1,5^2+0,75}{10,5^2+0,75}\)
\(=\frac{10.11}{2}.\frac{1}{37}=\frac{2036}{37}\)
Vậy A=2036/37
b) có thể ở chỗ 1+1/4 bn nhầm,phải là \(1^4+\frac{1}{4}\) ,mà chắc cũng chẳng sao,vì 14=1 mà
Nhận thấy các thừa số của B có dạng tổng quát:
\(n^4+\frac{1}{4}=n^4+n^2+\frac{1}{4}-n^2=\left(n^2\right)^2+2.n^2.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}-n^2=\left(n^2+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-n^2\)
\(=\left(n^2+\frac{1}{2}-n\right)\left(n^2+\frac{1}{2}+n\right)\)
\(B=\frac{\left(1^2+\frac{1}{2}-1\right).\left(1^2+\frac{1}{2}+1\right).\left(3^2+\frac{1}{2}+3\right).\left(3^2+\frac{1}{2}-3\right)..........\left(9^2+\frac{1}{2}-9\right).\left(9^2+\frac{1}{2}+9\right)}{\left(2^2+\frac{1}{2}-2\right).\left(2^2+\frac{1}{2}+2\right).\left(4^2+\frac{1}{2}-4\right).\left(4^2+\frac{1}{2}+4\right)......\left(10^2+\frac{1}{2}-10\right).\left(10^2+\frac{1}{2}+10\right)}\)
Mặt khác,ta cũng có: \(\left(a+1\right)^2-\left(a+1\right)+\frac{1}{2}=a^2+2a+1-a-1+\frac{1}{2}=a^2+a+\frac{1}{2}\)
Suy ra \(B=\frac{1^2+\frac{1}{2}-1}{10^2+\frac{1}{2}+10}=\frac{1}{221}\)
Vậy B=1/221
Bài 1: Theo đề, ta có : a : 18 ( dư 12 ) ( a \(\in N\) )
\(\Rightarrow\) a : 2.9 ( dư 3+9 )
\(\Rightarrow\) a : 9 ( dư 3 )
Bài 2 : Theo đề, ta có : B = 6 + m + n + 12
B = ( m + n ) + ( 6 + 12 )
B = ( m + n ) + 18
Vì \(18⋮3\) nên khi ( m + n ) \(⋮\) 3 thì B \(⋮3\)
Ngược lại, khi ( m + n ) \(⋮̸\) 3 thì B \(⋮̸\) 3.
Bài 3:
Ta có : A = \(2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{49}+2^{50}\)
A = \(\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{49}+2^{50}\right)\)
A = \(2\left(1+2\right)+2^3\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{49}\left(1+2\right)\)
A = \(2.3+2^3.3+...+2^{49}.3\)
A = \(3\left(2+2^3+...+2^{49}\right)\) \(⋮\) 3
Ta có : A = \(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5+...+2^{49}+2^{50}\)
A = \(\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5\right)+...+\left(2^{46}+2^{47}+2^{48}+2^{49}+2^{50}\right)\)
A = \(2\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+...+2^{46}\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)\)
A = 2 . 62 + ... + \(2^{46}.62\)
A = 62 ( 2 +...+ \(2^{46}\) )
A = 31 . 2( \(2+...+2^{46}\) ) \(⋮\) 31
Bài 4: Ta có : \(\overline{abcabc}\) = \(\overline{abc}000+\overline{abc}\) = \(\overline{abc}\left(1000+1\right)\) = \(\overline{abc}.1001\) = \(\overline{abc}.77.13\) \(⋮13\)
Vậy : \(\overline{abcabc}⋮13\)
Để mk làm bài 5 sau nha. Bây giờ đang bận
Bài 5:
a/ Ta có: \(n+5\) \(⋮\) n - 2 ( n \(\in\) N )
\(\Rightarrow\) n - 2 +7 \(⋮\) n - 2
\(\Rightarrow\) 7 \(⋮\) n - 2
\(\Rightarrow\) n - 2 \(\in\) Ư(7) = { 1 ; 7 }
\(\Rightarrow n\in\left\{3;9\right\}\)
b/ Ta có : 2n + 7 \(⋮\) n + 1 ( n \(\in\) N )
\(\Rightarrow\) 2( n + 1 ) + 5 \(⋮\) n + 1
\(\Rightarrow\) 5 \(⋮\) n + 1
\(\Rightarrow\) n + 1 \(\in\) Ư (5) = { 1 ; 5 }
\(\Rightarrow\) n \(\in\) { 0 ; 4 }
Chúc bn hc tốt!!!
Chọn C.