Cho các số dương a, b, c thỏa mãn: a+b+c=1. CMR: \(4.\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\le\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+9\)
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Đề bài hình như bị sai em, thay điểm rơi ko thỏa mãn
Biểu thức là \(a+b+\sqrt{2\left(a+c\right)}\) mới đúng
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+ab+bc+ca\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}\right)\le\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2\left(1+ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\le\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2\left(1+ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\le\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}\)
Áp dụng BĐT quen thuộc:
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge\dfrac{8}{9}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)=\dfrac{8}{9}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2\left(1+ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\le\dfrac{9\left(1+ab+bc+ca\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
Ta chỉ cần chứng minh:
\(\dfrac{9\left(1+ab+bc+ca\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\le\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\ge9abc+9abc\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Do \(3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\ge9abc\left(a+b+c\right)=9abc\)
Nên ta chỉ cần chứng minh:
\(\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\ge9abc\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca\ge9abc\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge9\)
Hiển nhiên đúng do \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}=9\)
Sửa \(\le\) thành \(\ge\) nha bạn
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=1\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca=abc\)
Ta có \(\dfrac{a^2}{a+bc}=\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+abc}=\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{a^3}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\)
Tương tự: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^2}{b+ca}=\dfrac{b^3}{\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}\\\dfrac{c^2}{c+ba}=\dfrac{c^3}{\left(c+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Áp dụng BĐT cosi:
\(\dfrac{a^3}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{a+b}{8}+\dfrac{a+c}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a^3}{64}}=\dfrac{3}{4}a\)
\(\dfrac{b^3}{\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{a+b}{8}+\dfrac{b+c}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{b^3}{64}}=\dfrac{3}{4}b\)
\(\dfrac{c^3}{\left(c+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{b+c}{8}+\dfrac{a+c}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{c^3}{64}}=\dfrac{3}{4}c\)
Cộng VTV:
\(\Leftrightarrow VT+\dfrac{a+b}{8}+\dfrac{a+c}{8}+\dfrac{b+c}{8}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{3\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}-\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{8}\\ \Leftrightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{4}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=3\)
Theo giả thiết kết hợp sử dụng BĐT AM - GM có:
\(\left(a+b-c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)+1-\left[c\left(a+b\right)+c\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\right]\)
\(\le\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)+1-2\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)}=\left[\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)}-1\right]^2\)
Suy ra \(\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)}-1\ge2\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}+2}\ge3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\ge7\)
Khi đó, sử dụng BĐT Cauchy - Schwarz ta có:
\(\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a^4}+\dfrac{1}{b^4}+\dfrac{1}{c^4}\right)\ge\left[\sqrt{\left(a^4+b^4\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a^4}+\dfrac{1}{b^4}\right)}+1\right]^2\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{a^2}+1\right)^2=\left[\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)^2-1\right]^2\ge\left(7^2-1\right)^2=2304\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(ab=c^2\) và \(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}=7\)
(a+b-c)(1/a+1/b-c)=(a+b)(1/a+1/b)+1-[c(a+b)+c(1/a+1/b)]<=(a+b)(1/a+1/b)+1-2căn (a+b)(1/a+1/b)
=[(căn (a+b)(1/a+1/b))-1]^2
=>\(\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)}-1>=2\)
=>\(\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}+2}>=3\)
=>a/b+b/a>=7
(a^4+b^4+c^4)(1/a^4+1/b^4+1/c^4)>=[căn ((a^4+b^4)(1/a^4+1/b^4))+1]^2
=(a^2/b^2+b^2/a^2+1)^2=[(a/b+b/a)^2-1]^2>=(7^2-1)^2=2304
=>ĐPCM
Bài này đã có ở đây:
Cho abc=1CMR\(\dfrac{a+3}{\left(a+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{b+3}{\left(b+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{c+3}{\left(c+1\right)^2}\ge3\) - Hoc24