CHuyển sang câu gián tiếp
"Please don't tell any body what happened", Peter said to me
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Chuyển các câu sau từ câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp.
56. Nga said to Hoa “ You should learn English harder “
=> Nga advised Hoa to learn English harder.
57 . Lan told me “ please help me ”.
=> Lan asked me to help her.
58. He told Hoa “ Please do this exercise for me ”.
=> He told Hoa to do that exercise for him.
59. Trang said “ I go to school six days a week ”.
=> Trang said she went to school six days a week.
60. He asked me “ Can you do this homework for me “
=> He asked me if I could do that homework for him.
61. Lan told me “ please help me ”.
=> Lan told me to help her.
62. “Would you mind closing the door ? ” She asked me
=> She asked me to close ther door.
63. “ You mustn’t come home late this morning ” My mother said to me
=> My mother told me not to come home late that morning.
64. “ We’ll visit you next week ” He said to me .
=> He promised to visit me the next week.
65. She asked me “ Shall we go to the movies ? ”
=> She suggested going to the movies.
66. The man said “ If I were a millionaire , I could help the poor ”
=> The man said if he had been a millionaire , he could have helped the poor
67. “ I had money , I would buy a new pen ” Lan said
=> Lan said if she had had money, she would have bought a new pen.
68. “ What will you do if you have 100 USD ? ” She asked me
=> She asked me what I would do if I had 100 usd.
69. “ If you understand him , he will trust you “ I said to her
=> I said to her that if she understood him, he would trust her.
70. “ I didn’t taken your pen , Hoa ” Lan said
=> Lan said she hadn't taken Hoa's pen.
1. Nam said he was told to be at school before 7 o'clock
2. Thomas said all the students would have a meeting the following week
3. She said her parents were very proud of her good marks
4. The teacher said all the homework had to be done carefully
5. Her father told her that she could go to the movie with her friend
6. She said she might visit her parents in summer
7. The teacher said they could collect old book for the poor student
8. She said she didn't buy that book
9. The boys said they had to try their best to win the match
10. Her classmate said that Ha was the most intelligent girl in their class
1 She asked him if he liked eating dog meat that day
2 He asked her if she had ever seen a ghost
3 He asked me if I would go to the cinema with a .... that night
4 I asked her how she had gone to school the day before
5 I asked him what he was doing in that exam then
Chuyển các câu sau sang câu gián tiếp
1," Don't smoke in this room". The man said
⇒ The man said not to smoke in that room
2, " Could you please ring back in half an hour?" . She said
⇒ She said if i could ring back in half in hour
3, " Would you like to have lunch with me today?" She said
⇒ She invited me to have lunch with her that day
4, " Why don't you take the rest of the day off?". Said my assistant
⇒ My assistant suggested I (should) take the rest of the day off
5, "Sit here and tell me what is worrying you". He said to her
⇒ He told her to sit there and tell him what was worrying her
6, Shall we go to the cafe?" . He said
⇒He invited us to go to the cafe
7, Would you mind turning the music down, Mine ?" . Jolie said
⇒Jolie told Mine to turn the music down
8, " Can you take a rest now?" They all said
⇒ They told us to take a rest then
I. Khái niệm:
Lời nói trực tiếp (direct speech) là sự lặp lại chính xác những từ của người nói.
Lời nói gián tiếp (indirect/reported speech) là lời tường thuật lại ý của người nói, đôi khi không cần phải dùng đúng những từ của người nói.
II.3 nguyên tắc cần nhớ khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp:
Đổi ngôi, đổi tân ngữ
Lùi thì
Đổi cụm từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn
Cụ thể như sau:
Rule (Quy tắc) | Direct speech (Trực tiếp) | Reported speech (Gián tiếp) |
1. Tenses (Thì) | Present simple (V/Vs/es) | Past simple (Ved) |
Present progressive (is/am/are+Ving) | Past progressive (was/were+Ving) | |
Present perfect (have/has+VpII) | Past perfect (had+VPII) | |
Past simple (Ved) | Past perfect (had +VpII) | |
Past progressive (was/were +Ving) | Past progressive/ | |
Past perfect | Past perfect | |
Future simple (will +V) | Future in the past (would +V) | |
Near future (is/am/are +going to+V) | Was/were +going to +V | |
2. Modal verbs | Can | Could |
3. Adverb of place | This | That |
These | Those | |
Here | There | |
4. Adverb of time | Now | Then |
Today | That day | |
Yesterday | The day before/ the previous day | |
The day before yesterday | Two days before | |
Tomorrow | The day after/the next (following) day | |
The day after tomorrow | Two days after/ in two days’ time | |
Ago | Before | |
This week | That week | |
Last week | The week before/ the previous week | |
Last night | The night before | |
Next week | The week after/ the following week | |
5.Subject/Object | I / me | She, he /Her, him |
We /our | They/ them | |
You/you | I, we/ me, us |
III. Cách chuyển câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp
1.Câu trực tiếp ở dạng câu kể/tường thuật:
Câu gián tiếp:
S + | said | that + | Clause |
VD:
“I’m going to visit Japan next month”, she said. → She said that she was going to visit Japan the following month.
“He picked me up yesterday”, Lan said to me. → Lan said to me that he had picked her up the day before.
2.Câu trực tiếp ở dạng câu hỏi
Câu hỏi Yes/No question
Câu hỏi Yes/No question là câu hỏi mà người nghe sẽ phải lựa chọn trả lời Yes/No cho mỗi câu hỏi.
Câu gián tiếp:
S + | asked | if | + Clause |
VD:
“Do you love English?”, the teacher asked. → The teacher asked me if/whether I loved English.
“Have you done your homeworked yet?”, they asked. → They asked me if/whether I had done my homework yet.
Lưu ý: Nếu trong câu trực tiếp có từ “OR NOT” thì câu gián tiếp bắt buộc phải dùng WHETHER
“Does she roses or not?”, he wondered. → He wondered whether she d roses or not.
Câu hỏi Wh-questions
Câu hỏi Wh-questions là câu hỏi bắt đầu bằng từ hỏi Wh- (What, Where, When, Which, Why, How…)
Câu gián tiếp:
S + | asked | + Clause (Wh-word + S + V(thì)) |
VD:
“Where do you live, Nam?”, asked she. → She asked Nam where he lived.
3. Câu trực tiếp ở dạng câu mệnh lệnh (Vinf/ Don’t + Vinf, please)
Câu gián tiếp:
S + | asked/told/ordered/advised/wanted/warned | + sb + (not) to Vinf |
VD:
“Open the book page 117, please”,the teacher said. → The teacher asked us to open the book page 117.
“Don’t touch that dog”, he said. → He asked/told me not to touch that dog.
Peter asked me not to tell any body what had happened