Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử:
a) 3x2 - 6xy + 3y2
b) 12x5y + 24x4y2 + 12x3y3
c) 64xy - 96x2y + 48x3y - 8x4y
d) 54x3 + 16y3
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a) \(3x^2-6xy+3y^2-12x^2=3\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-12x^2=3\left(x-y\right)^2-12x^2=3\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-4x^2\right]=3\left(x-y-2x\right)\left(x-y+2x\right)=3\left(-x-y\right)\left(3x-y\right)\)
b)\(3x^2y^2-6x^2y^3+12x^2y^2=3x^2y^2\left(1-2y+4\right)=3x^2y^2\left(5-2y\right)\)
c) \(3x^2-3y^2+12x-12y=3\left(x^2-y^2\right)+12\left(x-y\right)=3\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y+4\right)\)
a: \(3x^2-6xy+3y^2-12x^2\)
\(=3\left(x^2-2xy+y^2-4x^2\right)\)
\(=3\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-4x^2\right]\)
\(=3\left(x-y-2x\right)\left(x-y+2x\right)\)
\(=3\left(-x-y\right)\left(3x-y\right)\)
b: \(3x^2y^2-6x^2y^3+12x^2y^2\)
\(=3x^2y^2\left(1-2y+4\right)\)
\(=3x^2y^2\left(-2y+5\right)\)
c: Ta có: \(3x^2-3y^2+12x-12y\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+12\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y+4\right)\)
3x2 + 6xy + 3y2 – 3z2
= 3.(x2 + 2xy + y2 – z2)
(Nhận thấy xuất hiện x2 + 2xy + y2 là hằng đẳng thức nên ta nhóm với nhau)
= 3[(x2 + 2xy + y2) – z2]
= 3[(x + y)2 – z2]
= 3(x + y – z)(x + y + z)
a/ x2 + 4x - 21= x2 - 3x +4x - 21
= (x2+4x)-(3x+21)
= x(x+4)- 3(x+7)
= (x-3).(x+7)
b/ 3x2-6xy+3y2-3z2 = 3(x2- 2xy+y2- z2)
= 3[(x2 + 2xy + y2) – z2]
= 3[(x + y)2 – z2]
= 3(x + y – z)(x + y + z)
c/ 2x2y + 12xy + 18y = 2y(x2+6x+9)
a) x2-2x-y2+2y
=(x2-y2)-(2x-2y)
=(x-y)(x+y)-2(x-y)
=(x-y)(x+y-2)
\(3x^4y-12x^2y^3=3x^2y\left(x^2-4y^2\right)=3x^2y\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(x^2-y^2-8y-16=x^2-\left(y^2+8y+16\right)=x^2-\left(y+4\right)^2=\left(x+y+4\right)\left(x-y-4\right)\)
\(x^3+3x^2+4x+12=x^2\left(x+3\right)+4\left(x+3\right)=\left(x^2+4\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
\(3x^2-6xy+3y^2-27=3\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-9\right]=3\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x-y+3\right)\)
a)\(A=3x^2+6xy+3y^2-3z^2=3\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-z^2\right)=3\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-z^2\right]=3\left(x+y-z\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\)b) \(A=\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right)+1=\left(x+y-1\right)^2\)
c) \(A=x^2+y^2+2xy+yz+zx=\left(x+y\right)^2+z\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\)
a) Ta có: \(3x^2-6xy+3y^2\)
\(=3\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)^2\)
b) Ta có: \(12x^5y+24x^4y^2+12x^3y^3\)
\(=12x^3y\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=12x^3y\left(x+y\right)^2\)
c) Ta có: \(64xy-96x^2y+48x^3y-8x^4y\)
\(=8xy\left(8-12x+6x^2-x^3\right)\)
\(=8xy\left(2-x\right)^3\)
d) Ta có: \(54x^3+16y^3\)
\(=2\left(27x^3+8y^3\right)\)
\(=2\left(3x+2y\right)\left(9x^2-6xy+4y^2\right)\)