Cho a,b>0 thỏa mãn \(a+\frac{1}{b}\le1\). Tìm GTNN của \(A=\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\)
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\(A=\frac{1}{a^3+b^3}+\frac{1}{a^2b}+\frac{1}{ab^2}\ge\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)}+\frac{4}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(\ge\left(\frac{1}{a^2-ab+b^2}+\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{ab}\right)+\frac{1}{ab}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1+1\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{ab}\ge\frac{16}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}}\ge16+4=20\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
Đầu tiên,ta chứng minh BĐT phụ \(\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\ge2xy\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2-4xy}{2}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng).Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = y.
Và BĐT \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\).Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM(Cô si),ta có; \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{xy}}\ge\frac{2}{\frac{\left(x+y\right)}{2}}=\frac{4}{x+y}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = y
\(P=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}+\frac{1}{2ab}\)\(\ge\frac{4}{a^2+b^2+2ab}+\frac{1}{2ab}\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}}\ge4+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}}=6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b và a + b = 1 tức là a=b=1/2
Vậy Min P = 6 khi a = b = 1/2
By Titu's Lemma we easy have:
\(D=\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2+\left(y+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(x+y+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2}{2}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(x+y+\frac{4}{x+y}\right)^2}{2}\)
\(=\frac{17}{4}\)
Mk xin b2 nha!
\(P=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{xy}+4xy=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{1}{2xy}+4xy\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+2xy}+\left(4xy+\frac{1}{4xy}\right)+\frac{1}{4xy}\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+2\sqrt{4xy.\frac{1}{4xy}}+\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{1^2}+2+\frac{1}{1^2}=4+2+1=7\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
Dự đoán điểm rơi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Khi đó:
\(S=a+b+c+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
\(=\left(a+b+c+\frac{1}{9a}+\frac{1}{9b}+\frac{1}{9c}\right)+8\left(\frac{1}{9a}+\frac{1}{9b}+\frac{1}{9c}\right)\)
\(\ge6\sqrt[6]{a\cdot b\cdot c\cdot\frac{1}{9a}\cdot\frac{1}{9b}\cdot\frac{1}{9c}}+24\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{9a}\cdot\frac{1}{9b}\cdot\frac{1}{9c}}\)
\(=2+\frac{8}{3}\cdot\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}\ge2+\frac{8}{3}\cdot\frac{1}{\frac{a+b+c}{3}}\ge10\)
Mù mắt với AM-GM cho 10 số:v
\(S=\left(a+b+c\right)+9\left(\frac{1}{9a}+\frac{1}{9b}+\frac{1}{9c}\right)\)\(\ge10\sqrt[10]{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{9a}+\frac{1}{9b}+\frac{1}{9c}\right)^9}\)\(\ge10\sqrt[10]{\left(3\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)\left[3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{9^3abc}}\right]^9}=10\sqrt[10]{\left(3\sqrt[3]{abc}\right).\left[3^9\left(\frac{1}{9^3abc}\right)^3\right]}\)
\(=10\sqrt[10]{3^{10}.\frac{\sqrt[3]{abc}}{\left(3^6abc\right)^3}}=10\sqrt[10]{\frac{1}{3^8\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^8}}}\ge10\sqrt[10]{\frac{1}{3^8\sqrt[3]{\left[\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{27}\right]^8}}}\ge10\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Vậy.....
\(P=a+a+\frac{1}{a^2}+b+b+\frac{1}{b^2}-\left(a+b\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cối 3 số có:\(a+a+\frac{1}{a^2}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a.a.1}{a^2}}=3\Rightarrow P\ge3+3-1=5\)
nên min P=5 khi a=b=1/2
\(P=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+1}+\frac{1}{2ab}\)
\(P=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+1}+\frac{\frac{1}{9}}{2ab}+\frac{4}{9ab}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(1+\frac{1}{3}\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+1+2ab}+\frac{4}{9ab}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(1+\frac{3}{4}\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2+1}+\frac{16}{9\left(a+b\right)^2}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(1+\frac{1}{3}\right)^2}{1+1}+\frac{16}{9}=\frac{8}{3}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
Từ giả thiết và BĐT AM-GM suy ra:\(\sqrt[3]{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}\)\(\ge\)3
Ta có:
P\(\ge\)\(\frac{2a^3}{3\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\)+\(\frac{2b^3}{3\left(c^2+b^2\right)}\)+\(\frac{2c^3}{3\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\)
=\(\frac{2}{3}\)(\(\frac{a\left(a^2+b^2\right)-ab^2}{\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\)+\(\frac{b\left(c^2+b^2\right)-bc^2}{\left(c^2+b^2\right)}\)+\(\frac{a\left(a^2+c^2\right)-ca^2}{\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\))
=\(\frac{2}{3}\)(a+b+c-\(\frac{ab^2}{\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\)-\(\frac{bc^2}{\left(c^2+b^2\right)}\)-\(\frac{ca^2}{\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\))
\(\ge\)\(\frac{2}{3}\)(a+b+c-\(\frac{a}{2}\)-\(\frac{b}{2}\)-\(\frac{c}{2}\))
=\(\frac{2}{3}\).\(\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)=\(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\)=\(\frac{\left(a+1\right)+\left(b+1\right)+\left(c+1\right)}{3}\)-1
\(\ge\)\(\frac{3\sqrt[3]{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}}{3}\)-1\(\ge\)2
Vậy:MinP=2 khi a=b=c=2
cách này dễ hiểu hơn nè :
Áp dụng BĐT : \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}\)
Ta có : \(1\ge\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c+3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c+3}\)\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c+3\ge9\)\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c\ge6\)
\(\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}=\frac{a\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)-ab^2-a^2b}{a^2+ab+b^2}=a-\frac{ab^2+a^2b}{a^2+ab+b^2}\ge a-\frac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{3ab}=a-\frac{a+b}{3}\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}\ge b-\frac{b+c}{3}\); \(\frac{c^3}{c^2+ac+a^2}\ge c-\frac{a+c}{3}\)
Cộng cả 3 vế , ta được : \(P\ge a+b+c-\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{3}=\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\frac{1}{3}.6=2\)
Vậy GTNN của P là 2 \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=2\)
Nhân cả 2 vế với a+b+c
Chứng minh \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\) tương tự với \(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b};\frac{c}{a}+\frac{a}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}-2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2-2ab+b^2}{ab}\ge0\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab}\ge0\)luôn đúng do a;b>0
dễ rồi nhé
b) \(P=\frac{x}{x+1}+\frac{y}{y+1}+\frac{z}{z+1}\)
\(P=\left(\frac{x+1}{x+1}+\frac{y+1}{y+1}+\frac{z+1}{z+1}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}\right)\)
\(P=\left(1+1+1\right)-\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}\right)\)
\(P=3-\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy Schwarz dạng Engel (mình nói bđt như vậy,chỗ này bạn cứ nói theo cái bđt đề bài cho đi) ta được:
\(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{x+1+y+1+z+1}=\frac{9}{4}\)
=>\(P=3-\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}\right)\le3-\frac{9}{4}=\frac{3}{4}\)
=>Pmax=3/4 <=> x=y=z=1/3
Ta có : \(a+\frac{1}{b}\le1\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab+1}{b}\le1\Rightarrow ab+1\le b\) ( vì a ; b > 0 )
Mặt khác : \(2\sqrt{ab}\le ab+1\) ( BĐT Cô - si )
Suy ra : \(b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{b}\ge2\sqrt{a}\Leftrightarrow\frac{b}{a}\ge4\)
Đặt b/a = t ( t >= 4 ) , ta có : \(A=\frac{1}{t}+t=\frac{1}{t}+\frac{t}{16}+\frac{15}{16}t\)
Đến đây bn làm nốt