Chứng minh đẳng thức ( a-b)^2 = ( a+b)^2 - 4ab
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1) biến đổi vế trái:
= a2+2ab+b2 -a2 +2ab -b2
=4ab = vế phải ( đpcm)
3;5 tuong tu
1) (a + b)2 - (a - b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2 - a2 + 2ab - b2 = 4ab
3) (a + b)2 - 4ab = a2 + 2ab + b2 - 4ab = a2 - 2ab + b2 = (a - b)2
5) a3 + b3 = a3 + 3a2b + 3ab2 + b3 - 3a2b - 3ab2 = (a + b)3 - 3ab(a + b)
a) Ta có: \(\left(a-1\right)^2\ge0\forall a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2a+1\ge0\forall a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2a+1\ge4a\forall a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+1\right)^2\ge4a\)(đpcm)
Ta có :
\(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)( luôn đúng )
\(\left(đpcm\right)\)
Chứng minh phản chứng :
Giả sử : \(\left(a+b\right)^2< 4ab\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2< 4ab\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2< 0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2< 0\) (vô lí )
Vậy cần có :
\(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
a, \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=\left[\left(a+b\right)+c\right]^2=\left(a+b\right)^2+2c\left(a+b\right)+c^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc\)
b, \(\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(a-b\right)^2=a^2+2ab+b^2+a^2-2ab+b^2=2a^2+2b^2\)
c, \(\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a-b\right)^2=\left(a+b-a+b\right)\left(a+b+a-b\right)=2b.2a=4ab\)
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=\left[\left(a+b\right)+c\right]^2=\left(a+b\right)^2+2\cdot\left(a+b\right)\cdot c+c^2\\ =a^2+2ab+b^2+2ac+2bc+c^2\\ =a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc\)
\(\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(a-b\right)^2=a^2+2ab+b^2+a^2-2ab+b^2\\ 2a^2+2b^2\)
\(\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a-b\right)^2=\left(a+b+a-b\right)\left(a+b-a+b\right)\\ =2a\cdot2b=4ab\)
\(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có 12 ≥ ( a + b ) 3 + 4 a b ≥ 2 a b 3 + 4 a b . Đặt t = a b , t > 0 thì
12 ≥ 8 t 3 + 4 t 2 ⇔ 2 t 3 + t 2 − 3 ≤ 0 ⇔ ( t − 1 ) ( 2 t 2 + 3 t + 3 ) ≤ 0
Do 2 t 2 + 3 t + 3 > 0 , ∀ t nên t − 1 ≤ 0 ⇔ t ≤ 1 . Vậy 0 < a b ≤ 1
Chứng minh được 1 1 + a + 1 1 + b ≤ 2 1 + a b , ∀ a , b > 0 thỏa mãn a b ≤ 1
Thật vậy, BĐT 1 1 + a − 1 1 + a b + 1 1 + b − 1 1 + a b ≤ 0
a b − a ( 1 + a ) ( 1 + a b ) + a b − b ( 1 + b ) ( 1 + a b ) ≤ 0 ⇔ b − a 1 + a b a 1 + a − b 1 + b ⇔ ( b − a ) 2 ( a b − 1 ) ( 1 + a b ) ( 1 + a ) ( 1 + b ) ≤ 0
Do 0 < a b ≤ 1 nên BĐT này đúng
Tiếp theo ta sẽ CM 2 1 + a b + 2015 a b ≤ 2016 , ∀ a , b > 0 thỏa mãn a b ≤ 1
Đặt t = a b , 0 < t ≤ t ta được 2 1 + t + 2015 t 2 ≤ 2016
2015 t 3 + 2015 t 2 − 2016 t − 2014 ≤ 0 ⇔ ( t − 1 ) ( 2015 t 2 + 4030 t + 2014 ) ≤ 0
BĐT này đúng ∀ t : 0 < t ≤ 1
Vậy 1 1 + a + 1 1 + b + 2015 a b ≤ 2016. Đẳng thức xảy ra a = b = 1
a) Sửa đề :
\(x^4=a^4+4a^3b+6a^2b^2+4ab^3+b^4\)
\(x^4=\left(a^4+3a^3b+3a^2b^2+ab^3\right)+\left(a^3b+3a^2b^2+3ab^3+b^4\right)\)
\(x^4=a\left(a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3\right)+b\left(a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3\right)\)
\(x^4=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3\right)\)
\(x^4=\left(a+b\right)\left[\left(a^3+2a^2b+ab^2\right)+\left(a^2b+2ab^2+b^3\right)\right]\)
\(x^4=\left(a+b\right)\left[a\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)+b\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)\right]\)
\(x^4=\left(a+b\right)^2\left(a+2ab+b^2\right)\)
\(x^4=\left(a+b\right)^4\)
b) Sửa đề:
\(x^5=a^5+5a^4b+10a^3b^2+10a^2b^3+5ab^4+b^5\)
\(x^5=\left(a^5+4a^4b+6a^3b^2+4a^2b^3+ab^4\right)+\left(a^4b+4a^3b^2+6a^2b+4ab^4+b^5\right)\)
\(x^5=a\left(a^4+4a^3b+6a^2b^2+4ab^3+b^4\right)+b\left(a^4+4a^3b+6a^2b^2+4ab^3+b^4\right)\)
\(x^5=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^4+4a^3b+6a^2b^2+4ab^3+b^4\right)\)
\(x^5=\left(a+b\right)\left[\left(a^4+3a^3b+3a^2b^2+ab^3\right)+\left(a^3b+3a^2b^2++3ab^3+b^4\right)\right]\)
\(x^5=\left(a+b\right)\left[a\left(a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3\right)+b\left(a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3\right)\right]\)
\(x^5=\left(a+b\right)^2\left(a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3\right)\)
\(x^5=\left(a+b\right)^2\left[\left(a^3+2a^2b+ab^2\right)+\left(a^2b+2ab^2+b^3\right)\right]\)
\(x^5=\left(a+b\right)^2\left[a\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)+b\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)\right]\)
\(x^5=\left(a+b\right)^3\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)\)
\(x^5=\left(a+b\right)^5\)
Bạn có thể tự tóm tắt lại
Ta có: \(VP=\left(a+b\right)^2-4ab\)
\(=a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab\)
\(=a^2-2ab+b^2\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)^2=VT\)(đpcm)