cho x>1 và y>1. CMR:
\(\frac{\left(x^3+y^3\right)-\left(x^2-y^2\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)}\ge8\)
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15 tháng 10 2016
Ta có \(P=\frac{\left(x^3+y^3\right)-\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)}=\frac{x^2\left(x-1\right)+y^2\left(y-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)}=\frac{x^2}{y-1}+\frac{y^2}{x-1}\)
Áp dụng bđt AM-GM ta có \(\frac{x^2}{y-1}+\frac{y^2}{x-1}\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x+y-2}\)
Đặt \(t=x+y\)
Xét \(\frac{t^2}{t-2}\ge8\Leftrightarrow t^2\ge8t-16\Leftrightarrow t^2-8t+16\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(t-4\right)^2\ge0\)luôn đúng
Vậy \(\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x+y-2}\ge8\) hay \(P\ge8\).
AH
Akai Haruma
Giáo viên
14 tháng 8 2017
Lời giải:
a)
Với \(x>1\Rightarrow x-1>0\). Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(x=(x-1)+1\geq 2\sqrt{x-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{\sqrt{x-1}}{x}\leq \frac{\sqrt{x-1}}{2\sqrt{x-1}}=\frac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu bằng xảy ra ki \(x-1=1\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
b) Trước tiên, ta có bđt phụ sau:
\(x^3+y^3\geq xy(x+y)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x-y)^2(x+y)\geq 0\) (luôn đúng với mọi \(x,y>1\) )
Do đó, \(\frac{x^3+y^3-(x^2+y^2)}{(x-1)(y-1)}\geq \frac{xy(x+y)-x^2-y^2}{(x-1)(y-1)}\geq 8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy(x+y)-(x^2+y^2)\geq 8(x-1)(y-1)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2(y-1)+y^2(x-1)-8(x-1)(y-1)\geq 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (y-1)[x^2-4(x-1)]+(x-1)[y^2-4(y-1)]\geq 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (y-1)(x-2)^2+(x-1)(y-2)^2\geq 0\)
(luôn đúng với mọi \(x,y>1\) )
Do đó ta có đpcm
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=2\)
TA
22 tháng 8 2017
\(B=\left[\left(\frac{x}{y}-\frac{y}{x}\right):\left(x-y\right)-2.\left(\frac{1}{y}-\frac{1}{x}\right)\right]:\frac{x-y}{y}\)
\(=\left[\frac{x^2-y^2}{xy}.\frac{1}{x-y}-2.\frac{x-y}{xy}\right].\frac{y}{x-y}\)
\(=\left(\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{xy.\left(x-y\right)}-\frac{2.\left(x-y\right)}{xy}\right).\frac{y}{x-y}\)
\(=\left(\frac{x+y}{xy}-\frac{2x-2y}{xy}\right).\frac{y}{x-y}=\frac{x+y-2x+2y}{xy}.\frac{y}{x-y}=\frac{y.\left(3y-x\right)}{xy.\left(x-y\right)}=\frac{3y-x}{x.\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(C=\left(\frac{x+y}{2x-2y}-\frac{x-y}{2x+2y}-\frac{2y^2}{y-x}\right):\frac{2y}{x-y}\)
\(=\left(\frac{x+y}{2.\left(x-y\right)}-\frac{x-y}{2.\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{2y^2}{x-y}\right).\frac{x-y}{2y}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2+2.2y^2.\left(x+y\right)}{2.\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}.\frac{x-y}{2y}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y+x-y\right)\left(x+y-x+y\right)+4y^2.\left(x+y\right)}{2.\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}.\frac{x-y}{2y}\)
\(=\frac{4xy+4xy^2+4y^3}{2.\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}.\frac{x-y}{2y}=\frac{4y.\left(x+xy+y^2\right).\left(x-y\right)}{4y.\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}=\frac{x+xy+y^2}{x+y}\)
\(D=3x:\left\{\frac{x^2-y^2}{x^3+y^3}.\left[\left(x-\frac{x^2+y^2}{y}\right):\left(\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{y}\right)\right]\right\}\)
\(=3x:\left\{\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}.\left[\frac{xy-x^2-y^2}{y}:\frac{y-x}{xy}\right]\right\}\)
\(=3x:\left[\frac{x-y}{x^2-xy+y^2}.\left(\frac{xy-x^2-y^2}{y}.\frac{xy}{y-x}\right)\right]\)
\(=3x:\left(\frac{x-y}{x^2-xy+y^2}.\frac{xy.\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}{y.\left(x-y\right)}\right)\)
\(=3x:\frac{xy.\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}{y.\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}=3x:x=3\)
\(E=\frac{2}{x.\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{2}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}+\frac{2}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=2.\left(\frac{1}{x.\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}\right)\)
\(=2.\frac{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)+x.\left(x+3\right)+x.\left(x+1\right)}{x.\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=2.\frac{x^2+2x+3x+6+x^2+3x+x^2+x}{x.\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=2.\frac{3x^2+9x+6}{x.\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}=2.\frac{3.\left(x^2+3x+2\right)}{x.\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{6.\left(x^2+x+2x+2\right)}{x.\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{6.\left[x.\left(x+1\right)+2.\left(x+1\right)\right]}{x.\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{6.\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}{x.\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{6}{x.\left(x+3\right)}\)
MT
7 tháng 7 2016
VT=\(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3x^2y-3xy^2-3xyz\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)z+z^2\right]-3xy.\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right).z+z^2-3xy\left(\text{vì }x+y+z=1\right)\)
\(=x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz+z^3-3xy\)
\(=x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\left(2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2xz\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\left[\left(x^2-2xy-y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2yz+z^2\right)+\left(x^2-2xz+z^2\right)\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\right]\)=VP
=>dpcm
7 tháng 7 2016
Ta có : \(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)-3xyz\)
\(=x+y+z\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+xz+yz\right)-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz\right)\)
\(=x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz=\frac{\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2yz+z^2\right)+\left(z^2-2xz+x^2\right)}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\right]\)
\(\frac{x^3+y^3-\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)}\ge8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2\left(x-1\right)+y^2\left(y-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)}\ge8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{y-1}+\frac{y^2}{x-1}\ge8\)
By Titu's Lemma we have:
\(LHS\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x+y-2}\) and we need prove that:
\(\left(x+y\right)^2\ge8\left(x+y\right)-16\)
But the last inequalities is true. ( QED )