Trộn 112 gam dung dịch KOH 56% với 200 gam dung dịch MgCl2
a. Tính khối lượng kết tủa thu được
b. Tính nồng độ phần trăm của dung dịch thu được MgCl2 phản ứng
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a)PTHH: ZnCl2+2KOH---->Zn(OH)2+2KCl
b)
mZnCl2=204.10100=20,4(g)ZnCl2=204.10100=20,4(g)
nZnCl2=20,4136=0,15(mol)ZnCl2=20,4136=0,15(mol)
nKOH=112.20%56=0,4(mol)KOH=112.20%56=0,4(mol)
=> 0,15/1 < 0,4/1=> KOH dư
Theo pthh, ta có :
nCu(OH)2=nZnCl2=0,15(mol)Cu(OH)2=nZnCl2=0,15(mol)
mCu(OH)2=0,15.98=14,7(g)Cu(OH)2=0,15.98=14,7(g)
c) m dd sau pư=204+112=316(g)
Theo pthh
nKOH=2nZnCl2=0,3(mol)KOH=2nZnCl2=0,3(mol)
C% KOH=0,3.56326.100%=5,32%0,3.56326.100%=5,32%
nKCl=2nZnCl2=0,3(mol)KCl=2nZnCl2=0,3(mol)
C% KCl=0,3.74,5316.100%=7,07%
\(a,\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{300\cdot9,8\%}{100\%}=29,4\left(g\right)\\m_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{200\cdot26\%}{100\%}=52\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{29,4}{98}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{52}{208}=0,25\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ PTHH:H_2SO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow2HCl+BaSO_4\downarrow\)
Vì \(\dfrac{n_{H_2SO_4}}{1}>\dfrac{n_{BaCl_2}}{1}\) nên sau phản ứng \(H_2SO_4\) dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{BaSO_4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow a=m_{BaSO_4}=0,25\cdot233=58,25\left(g\right)\)
\(b,n_{HCl}=2n_{BaCl_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CT_{HCl}}=0,5\cdot36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\\ m_{dd_{HCl}}=300+200-58,25=441,75\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{441,75}\cdot100\%\approx4,13\%\)
\(a,PTHH:H_2SO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_4\downarrow+2HCl\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{300\cdot9,8\%}{100\%}=29,4\left(g\right)\\m_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{200\cdot26\%}{100\%}=52\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{29,4}{98}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{52}{208}=0,25\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vì \(\dfrac{n_{H_2SO_4}}{1}>\dfrac{n_{BaCl_2}}{1}\) nên H2SO4 dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{BaSO_4}=n_{BaCl_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow a=m_{BaSO_4}=0,25\cdot233=58,25\left(g\right)\\ b,n_{HCl}=n_{BaCl_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CT_{HCl}}=0,25\cdot36,5=9,125\left(g\right)\\ m_{dd_{HCl}}=300+200-58,25=441,75\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{9,125}{441,75}\cdot100\%\approx2,07\%\)
a/
\(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{9,3}{62}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
0,15 0,3 (mol)
\(m_{NaOH}=0,3.40=12\left(g\right)\)
\(m_A=90,7+9,3=100\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{100}.100\%=12\%\)
b/
m\(_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{16.200}{100}=32\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow m_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{32}{152}=\dfrac{4}{19}\left(mol\right)\)
\(2NaOH+FeSO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+Fe\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
bđ: 0,3 \(\dfrac{4}{19}\) 0 0 (mol)
pư: 0,3 0,15 0,15 0,15 (mol)
dư: 0 \(\dfrac{23}{380}\) (mol)
\(m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=0,15.90=13,5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_C=100+200-13,5=286,5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,15.142=21,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{21,3}{286,5}.100\%\approx7,4\%\)
\(m_{FeSO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{23}{380}.152=9,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow C\%_{FeSO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{9,2}{286,5}.100\%\approx3,2\%\)
Ta có: \(C_{\%_{KOH}}=\dfrac{m_{KOH}}{112}.100\%=56\%\)
=> mKOH = 62,72(g)
=> \(n_{KOH}=\dfrac{62,72}{56}=1,12\left(mol\right)\)
a. PTHH: 2KOH + MgCl2 ---> Mg(OH)2↓ + 2KCl
Theo PT: \(n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{KOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}.1,12=0,56\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=0,56.58=32,48\left(g\right)\)
b. Theo PT: \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=0,56\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{MgCl_2}=0,56.95=53,2\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C_{\%_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{53,2}{200}.100\%=26,6\%\)
Tính C% MgCl2 nhé