Giải phương trình vô tỉ : Phương pháp trục căn thức :
\(\sqrt{2x+4}-2\sqrt{2-x}>\frac{12x-8}{\sqrt{9x^2+16}}\)
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ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge1\).
Phương trình đã cho tương đương:
\(\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{x-1}=\dfrac{8}{\sqrt{4x^4-12x^3+9x^2+16}-\left(2x^2-3x\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{x-1}=\dfrac{\sqrt{4x^4-12x^3+9x^2+16}+\left(2x^2-3x\right)}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{4x^4-12x^3+9x^2+16}+\left(2x^2-3x\right)-2\sqrt{x+3}-2\sqrt{x-1}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{4x^4-12x^3+9x^2+16}-2\sqrt{x+3}\right)+\left(2x^2-3x-2\sqrt{x-1}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4x^4-12x^3+9x^2-4x+4}{\sqrt{4x^4-12x^3+9x^2+16}+2\sqrt{x+3}}+\dfrac{4x^4-12x^3+9x^2-4x+4}{2x^2-3x+2\sqrt{x-1}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(4x^3-4x^2+x-2\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{4x^4-12x^3+9x^2+16}+2\sqrt{x+3}}+\dfrac{1}{2x^2-3x+2\sqrt{x-1}}\right)=0\).
Do \(x\ge1\) nên ta có \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{4x^4-12x^3+9x^2+16}+2\sqrt{x+3}}+\dfrac{1}{2x^2-3x+2\sqrt{x-1}}>0\).
Do đó \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\Leftrightarrow x=2\left(TMĐK\right)\\4x^3-4x^2+x-2=0\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\).
Giải phương trình bậc 3 ở (1) ta được \(x=\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{36\sqrt{13}+53\sqrt{6}}}{\sqrt[6]{279936}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[6]{7776}\sqrt[3]{36\sqrt{13}+53\sqrt{6}}}+\dfrac{1}{3}\approx1,157298106\left(TMĐK\right)\).
Vậy...
Vì trong bài làm của mình có một số dòng khá dài nên bạn có thể vào trang cá nhân của mình để đọc tốt hơn!
a) \(\frac{3}{4}\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{9x}+5=\frac{1}{4}\sqrt{9x}\)
ĐK : x ≥ 0
⇔ \(\frac{3}{4}\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{3^2x}-\frac{1}{4}\sqrt{3^2x}=-5\)
⇔ \(\frac{3}{4}\sqrt{x}-3\sqrt{x}-\frac{1}{4}\cdot3\sqrt{x}=-5\)
⇔ \(-\frac{9}{4}\sqrt{x}-\frac{3}{4}\sqrt{x}=-5\)
⇔ \(-3\sqrt{x}=-5\)
⇔ \(\sqrt{x}=15\)
⇔ \(x=225\)( tm )
b) \(\sqrt{3-x}-\sqrt{27-9x}+1,25\sqrt{48-16x}=6\)
ĐK : x ≤ 3
⇔ \(\sqrt{3-x}-\sqrt{3^2\left(3-x\right)}+\frac{5}{4}\sqrt{4^2\left(3-x\right)}=6\)
⇔ \(\sqrt{3-x}-3\sqrt{3-x}+\frac{5}{4}\cdot4\sqrt{3-x}=6\)
⇔ \(-2\sqrt{3-x}+5\sqrt{3-x}=6\)
⇔ \(3\sqrt{3-x}=6\)
⇔ \(\sqrt{3-x}=2\)
⇔ \(3-x=4\)
⇔ \(x=-1\)( tm )
c) \(\sqrt{9x^2+12x+4}=4\)
⇔ \(\sqrt{\left(3x+2\right)^2}=4\)
⇔ \(\left|3x+2\right|=4\)
⇔ \(\orbr{\begin{cases}3x+2=4\\3x+2=-4\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{2}{3}\\x=-2\end{cases}}\)
d) \(\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{4x-4}-12\sqrt{\frac{x-1}{25}}=\frac{29}{15}\)
ĐK : x ≥ 1
⇔ \(\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{2^2\left(x-1\right)}-12\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^2\cdot\left(x-1\right)}=\frac{29}{15}\)
⇔ \(\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{x-1}+2\cdot2\sqrt{x-1}-12\cdot\frac{1}{5}\sqrt{x-1}=\frac{29}{15}\)
⇔ \(\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{x-1}+4\sqrt{x-1}-\frac{12}{5}\sqrt{x-1}=\frac{29}{15}\)
⇔ \(\frac{29}{15}\sqrt{x-1}=\frac{29}{15}\)
⇔ \(\sqrt{x-1}=1\)
⇔ \(x-1=1\)
⇔ \(x=2\)( tm )
b)\(\frac{1}{x+\sqrt{x^2+x}}+\frac{1}{x-\sqrt{x^2+x}}=x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x-\sqrt{x^2+x}}{\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+x}\right)\left(x-\sqrt{x^2+x}\right)}+\frac{x+\sqrt{x^2+x}}{\left(x-\sqrt{x^2+x}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+x}\right)}-\frac{x\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+x}\right)\left(x-\sqrt{x^2+x}\right)}{\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+x}\right)\left(x-\sqrt{x^2+x}\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x-\sqrt{x^2+x}+x+\sqrt{x^2+x}-x^2}{\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+x}\right)\left(x-\sqrt{x^2+x}\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{-x^2+2x}{\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+x}\right)\left(x-\sqrt{x^2+x}\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{-x\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+x}\right)\left(x-\sqrt{x^2+x}\right)}=0\)
Dễ thấy: x=0 ko là nghiệm nên \(x+2=0\Rightarrow x=-2\)
c)\(\sqrt{2x+4}-2\sqrt{2-x}=\frac{12x-8}{\sqrt{9x^2+16}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(2x+4\right)-4\left(2-x\right)}{\sqrt{2x+4}+2\sqrt{2-x}}=\frac{4\left(3x-2\right)}{\sqrt{9x^2+16}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2\left(3x-2\right)}{\sqrt{2x+4}+2\sqrt{2-x}}=\frac{4\left(3x-2\right)}{\sqrt{9x^2+16}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2\left(3x-2\right)}{\sqrt{2x+4}+2\sqrt{2-x}}-\frac{4\left(3x-2\right)}{\sqrt{9x^2+16}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x-2\right)\left(\frac{2}{\sqrt{2x+4}+2\sqrt{2-x}}-\frac{4}{\sqrt{9x^2+16}}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{2}{3}\)
\(2\sqrt{2x+4}+4\sqrt{2-x}=\sqrt{9x^2+16}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2\sqrt{2x+4}+4\sqrt{2-x}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{9x^2+16}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(2x+4\right)+16\left(2-x\right)+16\sqrt{2x+4}\sqrt{2-x}=9x^2+16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4.2\left(4-x^2\right)+16\sqrt{2\left(4-x^2\right)}=x^2+8x\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{2\left(4-x^2\right)}=a\)
\(\Rightarrow4a^2+16a=x^2+8x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2a-x\right)\left(2a+x+8\right)=0\)
Làm nốt