Cho \(A=1+2+2^2+...+2^{2019}+2^{2020}\)
Tìm số dư khi A chia cho 7
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Ta có :
\(A=\left(1+7+7^2\right)+\left(7^3+7^4+7^5\right)+...+\left(7^{2018}+7^{2019}+7^{2020}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+7+7^2\right)+7^3\left(1+7+7^2\right)+...+7^{2018}\left(1+7+7^2\right)\)
\(=\left(1+7+7^2\right)\left(1+7^3+7^6+...+7^{2018}\right)\)
\(=57\cdot\left(1+7^3+7^6+...+7^{2018}\right)\)
\(=19\cdot3\cdot\left(1+7^3+7^6+...+7^{2018}\right)⋮19\) (đpcm)
\(A=1+7+7^2+7^3+...+7^{2019}+7^{2020}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(1+7+7^2\right)+\left(7^3+7^4+7^5\right)+....+\left(7^{2018}+7^{2019}+7^{2020}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(1+7+49\right)+7^3\left(1+7+49\right)+...+7^{2018}\left(1+7+49\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=57+7^3\cdot57+...+7^{2018}\cdot57\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=57\left(1+7^3+....+7^{2018}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=3\cdot19\left(1+7^3+...+7^{2018}\right)\)
=> A chia 19 dư 0
\(x^{2020}=x\Leftrightarrow x^{2020}-x=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^{2019}-1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x^{2019}-1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x^{2019}=1\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=1\end{cases}}\)
\(1+2+2^2+2^3+....+2^{2019}+2^{2020}\)
\(A=\left(1+2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4+2^5\right)+....+\left(2^{2016}+2^{2017}+2^{2018}\right)+2^{2019}+2^{2020}\)
\(A=\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^3\left(1+2+2^2\right)+.....+2^{2016}\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^{2019}+2^{2020}\)
\(A=7+2^3.7+2^6.7+2^9.7+....+2^{2016}.7+2^{2019}+2^{2020}\)
\(\text{Ta có:}2^{2019}+2^{2020}=8^{673}+8^{673}.2\equiv1+1.2\left(\text{mod 7}\right)\equiv3\left(\text{mod 7}\right)\Rightarrow A\text{ chia 7 dư 3}\)
ta có :
\(A=\left(1^3+2^3\right)+3^3+\left(4^3+5^3\right)+..+2019^3+2020^3\)
mà \(\hept{\begin{cases}1^3+2^3⋮\left(1+2\right)⋮3\\...\\2017^3+2018^3:⋮\left(2017+2018\right)⋮3\end{cases}}\)
vậy :\(A\equiv2020^3mod3\equiv1mod3\) vậy A chia 3 dư 1
\(A=1+2+2^2+...+2^{2019}+2^{2020}\)
\(A=1+2+\left(2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{2018}+2^{2019}+2^{2020}\right)\)
\(A=3+2^2\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{2018}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)
\(A=3+2^2.7+....+2^{2018}.7\)
\(A=3+7\left(2^2+....+2^{2018}\right)\)
Vì 3 ko chia hết cho 7
=> A ko chia hết cho 7
=> A dư 3