Tính thể tích dd acid clohidric 37,23% (d=1,19) cần để pha 100ml dd HCl 10% (khối lượng/thể tích)
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\(m_{HCl}=1,19.500.10=5950g\\ m_{ddHCl\left(37,23\%\right)}=\dfrac{5950}{37,23\%}=159,8g\\ V_{HCl}=159,8:1,19:1,19=112,86ml\)
vậy chọn A
Ta có:
\(m_{HCl}=1000.10\%=100\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd\left(HCl\right)37,23\%}=\frac{100}{37,23\%}=268,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\frac{268,6}{1,19}=225,71\left(ml\right)\)
Bài 1 :
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.2........0.4....................0.2\)
\(V_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.4}{0.5}=0.8\left(l\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.2\cdot22.4=4.48\left(l\right)\)
Bài 2 :
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5.4}{27}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(0.2..........0.3.............................0.3\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0.3\cdot98=29.4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{29.4\cdot100}{10}=294\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.3\cdot22.4=6.72\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{16,25}{65}=0,25mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,25 0,5 0,25
\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,25\cdot136=34g\)
\(V_{HCl}=\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{C_{M_{HCl}}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,2}=2,5l\)
PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
a+b) Ta có: \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,6\cdot36,5}{14,6\%}=150\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_3}=0,2\cdot162,5=32,5\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{32,5}{150+16}\cdot100\%\approx19,58\%\)
b) PTHH: \(HCl+KOH\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{KOH}=n_{HCl}=0,6\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{KOH}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,5}=1,2\left(l\right)\)
Bài 3 :
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{16,25}{65}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,25 0,5 0,25
\(n_{ZnCl2}=\dfrac{0,25.1}{1}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{ZnCl2}=0,25.136=34\left(g\right)\)
b) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,25.2}{1}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,2}=2,5\left(l\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
nMg = \(\frac{2,4}{24}\) = 0,1 (mol)
Mg + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) MgCl2 + H2
0,1 --> 0,2 ---> 0,1 -----> 0,1 (mol)
a) VH2 = 0,1 . 22,4 =2,24 (l)
b) mMgCl2 = 0,1 . 95 = 9,5 (g)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl ===> MgCl2 + H2
a/ nMg = 2,4 / 24 = 0,1 (mol)
nH2 = nMg = 0,1 mol
=> VH2(đktc) = 0,1 x 22,4 = 2,24 lít
b/ nMgCl2 = nMg = 0,1 (mol)
=> mMgCl2 = 0,1 x 95 = 9,5 gam
c/ nHCl = 2nMg = 0,2 (mol)
=> CM(HCl) = 0,2 / 0,1 = 2M
Gọi n Fe = a (mol )
n Mg = b (mol ) (a,b > 0)
--> 56a+24b = 13,2
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
a 2a a a
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
b 2b b b
----> a+b=0,35
Ta có hệ Pt :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+24b=13,2\\a+b=0,35\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giải hệ PT , ta có :
a= 0,15
b = 0,2 (mol )
\(V_{HClđủ}=\left(0,15.2+0,2.2\right):0,5=1,4\left(l\right)\)
\(a,m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{13,2}.100\%\approx63,64\%\)
\(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{13,2}.100\%\approx36,36\%\)
\(b,m_{FeCl_2}=0,15.127=19,05\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{MgCl_2}=0,2.95=19\left(g\right)\)
\(c,HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
0,2 0,2
\(m_{NaOH}=\dfrac{100.8}{100}=8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{HCldư}=\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4\left(l\right)\)
\(V_{HCl}=V_{HClđủ}+V_{HCldư}=1,4+0,4=1,8\left(l\right)\)
.
\(m_{ddHCl\left(10\%\right)}=100.1,19=119g\\ m_{HCl}=119.10\%=1190g\\ m_{ddHCl\left(37,23\%\right)}=\dfrac{1190}{37,23}=32g\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=32:1,19:1,19=22,6ml\)