Cho tam giác ABC trọng tâm G.I là trung điểm của AG.CMR:
a,\(\overrightarrow{AB}=2\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GC}\)
b,\(_{\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}+6\overrightarrow{GI}=\overrightarrow{0}}\)
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\(T=\overrightarrow{GA}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AC}\right)+\overrightarrow{GB}.\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{GC}.\overrightarrow{AB}\)
\(=\overrightarrow{AB}\left(\overrightarrow{GC}-\overrightarrow{GA}\right)+\overrightarrow{AC}\left(\overrightarrow{GA}-\overrightarrow{GB}\right)\)
\(=\overrightarrow{AB}\left(\overrightarrow{GC}+\overrightarrow{AG}\right)+\overrightarrow{AC}\left(\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{BG}\right)\)
\(=\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{AC}.\overrightarrow{BA}\)
\(=0\)
\(\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GC}=\overrightarrow{0}\Rightarrow\left(\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GC}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow-2\left(\overrightarrow{GA}.\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GB}.\overrightarrow{GC}+\overrightarrow{GC}.\overrightarrow{GA}\right)=GA^2+GB^2+GC^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{GA}.\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GB}.\overrightarrow{GC}+\overrightarrow{GC}.\overrightarrow{GA}=-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{2}{3}m_a^2+\frac{2}{3}m_b^2+\frac{2}{3}m_c^2\right)\)
\(=-\frac{1}{6}\left(AB^2+BC^2+CA^2\right)\)
Hình như đề bài sai dấu?
Ta đã biết nếu G' là trọng tâm tam giác ABC thì:
\(\overrightarrow{G'A}+\overrightarrow{G'B}+\overrightarrow{G'C}=\overrightarrow{0}\).
Gỉa sử có điểm G thỏa mãn: \(\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GC}=\overrightarrow{0}\).
Ta sẽ chứng minh \(G\equiv G'\).
Thật vậy:
\(\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GC}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\overrightarrow{GG'}+\overrightarrow{G'A}+\overrightarrow{G'B}+\overrightarrow{G'C}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\overrightarrow{GG'}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{GG'}=\overrightarrow{0}\).
Vậy \(G\equiv G'\).
Kẻ trung tuyến AM, BN
a, \(\left|\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}\right|=\left|2\overrightarrow{AM}\right|=2AM\)
\(=2\sqrt{AB^2-\frac{1}{4}BC^2}=2\sqrt{a^2-\frac{1}{4}a^2}=\sqrt{3}.a\)
b, \(\left|\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{CB}\right|=\left|-2\overrightarrow{AN}\right|=2AN=\sqrt{3}.a\)
c, \(\left|\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GC}\right|=\left|2\overrightarrow{GM}\right|=\left|\frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AM}\right|=\frac{2}{3}AM=\frac{2}{3}.\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}a=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}a\)
d, \(\left|\overrightarrow{AB}-\overrightarrow{AC}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{CB}\right|=CB=a\)
Kéo dài AG lấy E sao cho AG=GE
\(2\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GC}=\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GC}+\overrightarrow{GB}=\overrightarrow{GE}+\overrightarrow{GB}=\overrightarrow{AG}+\overrightarrow{GB}=\overrightarrow{AB}\)
\(\overrightarrow{GI}=\overrightarrow{IA}\Rightarrow6\overrightarrow{GI}=3\overrightarrow{GA}\)
\(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}+3\overrightarrow{GA}=\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GC}+\overrightarrow{GA}=\overrightarrow{GE}+\overrightarrow{GA}=\overrightarrow{AG}+\overrightarrow{GA}=\overrightarrow{0}\)