Cho A = 2 + 22 + 23 + ...+260
CMR : A chia hết cho 3,7 và 15
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\(1,8^8+2^{20}=2^{24}+2^{20}=2^{20}\left(2^4+1\right)=2^{20}\cdot17⋮17\)
\(2,A=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{119}+2^{120}\right)\\ A=2\left(1+2\right)+2^3\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{119}\left(1+2\right)\\ A=3\left(2+2^3+...+2^{119}\right)⋮3\)
\(A=\left(2+2^2+2^3\right)+...+\left(2^{118}+2^{119}+2^{120}\right)\\ A=2\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{118}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\\ A=\left(1+2+2^2\right)\left(2+...+2^{118}\right)=7\left(2+...+2^{118}\right)⋮7\\ A=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{117}+2^{118}+2^{119}+2^{120}\right)\\ A=2\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)+...+2^{117}\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)\\ A=\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)\left(2+...+2^{117}\right)=15\left(2+...+2^{117}\right)⋮15\)
A=(2+2^2)+...+(2^59+2^60)
=2(1+2)+...+2^59(1+2)
=3(2+2^3+...+2^59)
nên A chia hết cho 3.
A= (2+2^2+2^3)+...+(2^58+2^59+2^60)
=2(1+2+2^2)+...+2^58(1+2+2^2)
=7(2+2^4+..+2^58)
nên A chia hết cho 7
A= (2+2^2+2^3+2^4)+....+(2^57+2^58+2^59+2^6...
=2(1+2+2^2+2^3)+....+2^57(1+2+2^2+2^3)...
=15(2+2^5+...+2^57)
nên A chia hết cho 15
a: \(=\left(1+2\right)+2^2\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{48}\left(1+2\right)\)
\(=3\left(1+2^2+...+2^{48}\right)⋮3\)
b: \(2^0+2^1+2^2+...+2^{101}\)
\(=\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{99}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)
\(=7\left(1+...+2^{99}\right)⋮7\)
c: 2A=2+2^2+...+2^101
=>A=2^101-1
Ta có: A= 2 + 22 + 23 + ... + 260= (2 +22) + (23+ 24) + ... + (259 + 260).
= 2 x (2 + 1) + 23 x (2 + 1) + ... + 259 x (2 + 1).
= 2 x 3 + 23 x 3 + ... + 259 x 3.
= 3 x ( 2 + 23 + ... + 259).
Vì A = 3 x ( 2 + 23 + ... + 259) nên A chia hết cho 3.
A= (2 +22 + 23) + (24 + 25 + 26) + ... + (258 + 259 + 260).
= 2 x (1 + 2 + 22) + 24 x (1 + 2 + 22) + ... + 258 x (1 + 2 + 22).
= 2 x 7 + 24 x 7 + ... + 258 x 7.
= 7 x ( 2 + 24 + ... + 258).
Vì A = 7 x ( 2 + 24 + ... + 258) nên A chia hết cho 7.
A= (2 +22 + 23 + 24) + (25 + 26 + 27 + 28) + ... + (257 + 258 + 259 + 260).
= 2 x (1 + 2 + 22 + 23) + 25 x (1 + 2 + 22 + 23) + ... + 257 x (1 + 2 + 22 + 23).
= 2 x 15 + 25 x 15 + ... + 257 x 15.
= 15 x ( 2 + 24 + ... + 258).
Vì A = 15 x ( 2 + 24 + ... + 258) nên A chia hết cho 15.
Ta có: B= 3 + 33 + 35 + ... + 31991= (3 + 33 + 35) + (37+ 39 + 311 ) + ... + (31987 + 31989 + 31991).
= 3 x (1 + 32 + 34) + 37 x (1 + 32 + 34) + ... + 31987 x (1 + 32 + 34).
= 3 x 91 + 37 x 91 + ... + 31987 x 91= 3 x 7 x 13 + 37 x 7 x 13 + ... + 31987 x 7 x 13.
= 13 x ( 3 x 7 + 37 x 7 + ... + 31987 x 7).
Vì B = 13 x ( 3 x 7 + 37 x 7 + ... + 31987 x 7) nên B chia hết cho 13.
B= (3 + 33 + 35 + 37) + ... + (31985 + 31987 + 31989 + 31991).
= 3 x (1 + 32 + 34 + 36) + ... + 31985 x (1 + 32 + 34 + 36).
= 3 x 820 + ... + 31985 x 820= 3 x 20 x 41 + ... + 31985 x 20 x 41.
= 41 x ( 3 x 20 + .. + 31985 x 20)
Vì B =41 x ( 3 x 20 + .. + 31985 x 20) nên B chia hết cho 41.
a) Ta có: \(A=3+3^3+3^5+...+3^{1991}\)
\(=\left(3+3^3+3^5\right)+\left(3^7+3^9+3^{11}\right)+...+\left(3^{1987}+3^{1989}+3^{1991}\right)\)
\(=3\times\left(1+3^2+3^4\right)+3^7\times\left(1+3^2+3^4\right)+...+3^{1987}\times\left(1+3^2+3^4\right)\)
\(=3\times91+3^7\times91+...+3^{1987}\times91\)
\(=3\times7\times13+3^7\times7\times13+...+3^{1987}\times7\times13\)
\(=13\times\left(3\times7+3^7\times7+...+3^{1987}\times7\right)\)
Vì \(A=13\times\left(3\times7+3^7\times7+...+3^{1987}\times7\right)\)nên A chia hết cho 13.
b) Ta có: \(A=3+3^3+3^5+...+3^{1991}\)
\(=\left(3+3^3+3^5+3^7\right)+...+\left(3^{1985}+3^{1987}+3^{1989}+3^{1991}\right)\)
\(=3\times\left(1+3^2+3^4+3^6\right)+...+3^{1985}\times\left(1+3^2+3^4+3^6\right)\)
\(=3\times820+...+3^{1985}\times820\)
\(=3\times20\times41+...+3^{1985}\times20\times41\)
\(=41\times\left(3\times20+...+3^{1985}\times20\right)\)
Vì \(A=41\times\left(3\times20+...+3^{1985}\times20\right)\)nên A chia hết cho 41.
Sửa đề : 2 + 22 + 23 + ... + 260
2 + 22 + 23 + ... + 260 = ( 2 + 22 + 23 + 24 ) + ( 25 + 26 + 27 + 28 ) + .... + ( 257 + 258 + 259 + 260 )
=20. 30 + 24 . 30 + ... + 256 . 30
= ( 20 + 24 + ... + 256) . 2 . 15 \(⋮\)15
\(M=2+2^2+...+2^{60}\)
\(=2\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{59}\left(1+2\right)\)
\(=3\cdot\left(2+...+2^{59}\right)⋮3\)
\(M=2+2^2+...+2^{60}\)
\(=2\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{58}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)
\(=7\cdot\left(2+...+2^{58}\right)⋮7\)
A={2+2^2}+{2^3+2^4}+.......+{2^59+2^60}
={2.1+2.2}+{2^3.1+2^3.2}+....+{2^59.1+2^59.2}
=2{1+2}+2^3{1+2}+...+2^59{1+2}
=2.3+2^3.3+.....+2^59.3
=3.(2+2^3+...+2^59)
vi co thua so 3 => tich do chia het cho 3
A={2+2^2}+{2^3+2^4}+.......+{2^59+2^60}
={2.1+2.2}+{2^3.1+2^3.2}+....+{2^59.1+2^59.2}
=2{1+2}+2^3{1+2}+...+2^59{1+2}
=2.3+2^3.3+.....+2^59.3
=3.(2+2^3+...+2^59)
vi co thua so 3 => tich do chia het cho 3
CM chia cho 3 nhóm 2 số vào 1 nhóm
Cm chia hết cho 7 nhóm 3 số vào 1 nhóm
Cm chia hết cho 15 nhóm 4 số vào 1 nhóm
A = 2 + 22 + 23 + ...+ 260
= ( 2 + 22 ) + ( 23 + 24 ) + ... + ( 259 + 260 )
= 2( 1 + 2 ) + 23( 1 + 2 ) + ... + 259( 1 + 2 )
\(\rightarrow\)A chia hết cho 3.
A = ( 2 + 22 + 23 ) + ( 24 + 25 + 26 ) + ... + ( 28 + 29 + 260 )
= 2( 1 + 2 + 4 ) + 24( 1 + 2 + 4 ) + ... + 28( 1 + 2 + 4 )
\(\rightarrow\)A chia hết cho 7.
A = ( 2 + 22 + 23 + 24 ) + ( 25 + 26 + 27 + 28 ) +...+ ( + 257 + 258 + 259 + 260 )
= 2( 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 ) + 25( 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 ) + ... + 257( 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 )
\(\rightarrow\)A chia hết cho 15.
Vậy A chia hết cho 3,7 và 15.
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