Cho A = 1/2^2 + 1/3^2 + 1/4^2 + ......... + 1/2014^2. Chứng tỏ A<3/4
Lưu ý: Dấu ^ là dấu mũ nhaaa:3 Các cậu giải giúp tớ vớiiii:4
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\(n^2>\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right)\Rightarrow\frac{1}{n^2}< \frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{n-1}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right).\)
Do đó: \(A=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{2013^2}+\frac{1}{2014^2}< \frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{2.4}+\frac{1}{3.5}+...+\frac{1}{2012.2014}+\frac{1}{2013.2015}=\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}[1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{2012}-\frac{1}{2014}+\frac{1}{2013}-\frac{1}{2015}]=\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}[1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2014}-\frac{1}{2015}]=\frac{1}{2}[\frac{3}{2}-\frac{1}{2014}-\frac{1}{2015}]=\frac{3}{4}-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2014}+\frac{1}{2015}\right)< \frac{3}{4}.\)
\(D=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+.......+\dfrac{1}{10^2}\)
\(D< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+.......+\dfrac{1}{9.10}\)
\(D< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+.....+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(D< 1-\dfrac{1}{10}\Leftrightarrow D< 1\left(đpcm\right)\)
Lời giải:
$A=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{2014^2}$
$< \frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2013.2014}$
$=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3-2}{2.3}+\frac{4-3}{3.4}+....+\frac{2014-2013}{2013.2014}$
$=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2013}-\frac{1}{2014}$
$=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2014}$
$< \frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{3}{4}$
Ta có đpcm.
Lần sau bạn lưu ý gõ đề bằng công thức toán (biểu tượng $\sum$ góc trái khung soạn thảo)
\(\frac{1}{2^2}=\frac{1}{2\cdot2}< \frac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\frac{1}{3^2}=\frac{1}{3\cdot3}< \frac{1}{2\cdot3}\)
.......................................
\(\frac{1}{2014^2}=\frac{1}{2014\cdot2014}< \frac{1}{2013\cdot2014}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{1\cdot2}+\frac{1}{2\cdot3}+...+\frac{1}{2013\cdot2014}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2013}-\frac{1}{2014}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1-\frac{1}{2014}=\frac{2013}{2014}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+........+\frac{1}{5^{2014}}\)
\(\Rightarrow5A=1+\frac{1}{5}+...........+\frac{1}{5^{2013}}\)
\(\Rightarrow5A-A=1+...........+\frac{1}{5^{2013}}-\frac{1}{5}+...........+\frac{1}{5^{2014}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4A=1-\frac{1}{5^{2014}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4A< 1\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{4}\)
=> 5A = 1 + 1/5 +...+1/5^2013
=>4A= 1- 1/5^2014
=> 4A< 1 => A < 1/4
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2.3}\)
\(\frac{1}{4^2}< \frac{1}{3.4}\)
.....................
\(\frac{1}{2014^2}< \frac{1}{2013.2014}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2013.2014}\)
Đặt \(B=\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2013.2014}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2013}-\frac{1}{2014}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2014}< \frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\text{Ta có: }n^2>n^2-1=\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{n^2}< \frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{n-1}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+....+\frac{1}{2014^2}< \frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{2.4}+\frac{1}{3.5}+...+\frac{1}{2013.2015}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{3}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}\right)+...+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2013}-\frac{1}{2015}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{2013}-\frac{1}{2015}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2014}-\frac{1}{2015}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{3}{2}-\frac{1}{2014}-\frac{1}{2015}\right)\)
\(=\frac{3}{4}-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2014}+\frac{1}{2015}\right)< \frac{3}{4}\)
Vậy .............