S=1+1/2+1/3+...+1/32
So sánh S với 3
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\(3S=1+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)
=>2S=1-1/3^100
=>S=1/2-1/2*3^100<1/2
nhận xét :
\(\frac{1}{2^2}< \frac{1}{2.3}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{3.4}=\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\)
.............
\(\frac{1}{100^2}=\frac{1}{100.101}=\frac{1}{100}-\frac{1}{101}\)
vậy
\(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{101}=\frac{9}{202}< \frac{3}{4}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2.3};\frac{1}{4^2}< \frac{1}{3.4};.....;\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{99.100}\)
=>\(S=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+....+\frac{1}{99.100}\)
=>\(S< \frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+....+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)
=>\(S< \frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{100}=\frac{3}{4}-\frac{1}{100}< \frac{3}{4}\)
=>S<3/4(đpcm)
\(S=1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{45}\)
\(\frac{S}{2}=\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{9.10}=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-...+\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{10}\)
\(\frac{S}{2}=1-\frac{1}{10}=\frac{9}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{9.2}{10}=1.8<2\)
\(\Rightarrow S<2\)
Chúc bạn học tốt nha !!!
\(S=1+3+3^1+3^2+3^3+.....+3^{20}\)
\(3S=3.\left(1+3+3^1+3^2+3^3+.....+3^{20}\right)\)
\(3S=3.1+3.3^1+3.3^2+3.3^3+.....+3.3^{20}\)
\(3S=3+3^2+3^3+3^4+...+3^{21}\)
\(2S=3S-S\)
\(2S=\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4+.....+3^{21}\right)-\left(1+3^1+3^2+3^3+.....+3^{20}\right)\)
\(2S=3^{21}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{3^{21}-1}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{2}.3^{21}=3^{21}\div2\)
Vì \(\frac{3^{21}-1}{2}< 3^{21}\div2\)nên S < \(\frac{1}{2}.3^{21}\)