Cho a,b,c là độ dài ba cạnh của một tam giác .Chứng minh rằng :
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)+\dfrac{3\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}{abc}\ge9\)
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Câu hỏi của Phạm Thị Hường - Toán lớp 8 - Học toán với OnlineMath
Em tham khảo bài làm ở link này nhé!
Đặt \(P=\dfrac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{\left(abc\right)^2}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{\left(abc\right)^2}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{\left(abc\right)^2}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{\left(bc\right)^2}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{\left(ca\right)^2}{b\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{\left(ab\right)^2}{c\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{\left(bc+ca+ab\right)^2}{a\left(b+c\right)+b\left(c+a\right)+c\left(a+b\right)}\) (BĐT B.C.S)
\(=\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\) \(\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt[3]{abbcca}}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\) (do \(abc=1\)).
ĐTXR \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
\(\dfrac{a^3}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+2\right)}+\dfrac{b+1}{12}+\dfrac{c+2}{18}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a^3\left(b+1\right)\left(c+2\right)}{216\left(b+1\right)\left(c+2\right)}}=\dfrac{a}{2}\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{b^3}{\left(c+1\right)\left(a+2\right)}+\dfrac{c+1}{12}+\dfrac{a+2}{18}\ge\dfrac{b}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{c^3}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+2\right)}+\dfrac{a+1}{12}+\dfrac{b+2}{18}\ge\dfrac{c}{2}\)
Cộng vế:
\(VT+\dfrac{5}{36}\left(a+b+c\right)+\dfrac{7}{12}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{13}{36}\left(a+b+c\right)-\dfrac{7}{12}\ge\dfrac{13}{36}.3\sqrt[3]{abc}-\dfrac{7}{12}=\dfrac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)
\(\dfrac{a^3}{\left(b+2\right)\left(c+3\right)}+\dfrac{b+2}{36}+\dfrac{c+3}{48}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a^3\left(b+2\right)\left(c+3\right)}{1728\left(b+2\right)\left(c+3\right)}}=\dfrac{a}{4}\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{b^3}{\left(c+2\right)\left(a+3\right)}+\dfrac{c+2}{36}+\dfrac{a+3}{48}\ge\dfrac{b}{4}\)
\(\dfrac{c^3}{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+3\right)}+\dfrac{a+2}{36}+\dfrac{b+3}{48}\ge\dfrac{c}{4}\)
Cộng vế:
\(P+\dfrac{7\left(a+b+c\right)}{144}+\dfrac{17}{48}\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{29}{144}\left(a+b+c\right)-\dfrac{17}{48}\ge\dfrac{29}{144}.3\sqrt[3]{abc}-\dfrac{17}{48}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
thử bài bất :D
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{b+c}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}.\dfrac{a^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) ( AM-GM cho 5 số ) (*)
Hoàn toàn tương tự:
\(\dfrac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{c+a}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}.\dfrac{b^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(c+a\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) (AM-GM cho 5 số) (**)
\(\dfrac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{a+b}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}.\dfrac{c^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) (AM-GM cho 5 số) (***)
Cộng (*),(**),(***) vế theo vế ta được:
\(P+\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)+\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}\ge\dfrac{15}{2}\) \(\Leftrightarrow P+2\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\dfrac{15}{2}\)
Mà: \(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}=3\) ( AM-GM 3 số )
Từ đây: \(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{15}{2}-2\left(a+b+c\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
1. \(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3=2\left(c^3-d^3\right)+c^3+d^3=3c^3-d^3\) :D
Đặt \(x=\dfrac{1}{a},y=\dfrac{1}{b},z=\dfrac{1}{c}\) khi đó thu được \(xyz=1\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}=\dfrac{x^2}{\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}}=\dfrac{x^2yz}{y+z}=\dfrac{x}{y+z}\)
BĐT cần chứng minh được viết lại thành:\(\dfrac{x}{y+z}+\dfrac{y}{z+x}+\dfrac{z}{x+y}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{y+z}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{y}{z+x}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{z}{x+y}+1\right)\ge\dfrac{9}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{y+z}+\dfrac{1}{z+x}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}\right)\ge\dfrac{9}{2}\)
Đánh giá cuối cùng đúng theo BĐT Cauchy
Vậy BĐT được chứng minh. Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a = b = c = 1.