Trộn 150 ml dung dịch NaOH 0,6M với 50 ml dung dịch H2SO4 0,15M. Nồng độ ion OH- trong dung dịch X là
A. 0,6M.
B. 0,15M.
C. 0,375M.
D. 0,4125M
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Chọn C
pH = 11 → [ OH - ] = 10 - 3 (M)
pH = 12 → [ OH - ] = 10 - 2 (M)
Tổng số mol OH - có trong dung dịch X là: n = 0 , 1 . 10 - 3 + 0 , 05 . 10 - 2 = 6 . 10 - 4 (mol)
\(n_{NaOH}=0,1.0,2=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,3.0,1=0,03\left(mol\right)\\ NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,02}{1}< \dfrac{0,03}{1}\Rightarrow HCldư\\ n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,03-0,02=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ \left[H^+\right]=\left[HCl_{dư}\right]=\dfrac{0,01}{0,1+0,1}=0,05\left(M\right)\\ \Rightarrow D\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0.25\cdot2=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0.25\cdot1=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\)
\(0.5..............0.25................0.25\)
\(\left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{0.25\cdot2}{0.25+0.25}=1\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=\dfrac{0.25}{0.25+0.25}=0.5\left(M\right)\)
a, \(n_{H^+}=n_{OH^-}=9.10^{-3}\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{\dfrac{9.10^{-3}}{2}}{0,05}=0,09M\)
b, \(\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=\dfrac{4,5.10^{-3}}{0,05+0,15}=0,6M\)
\(\left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{0,15.0,06}{0,05+0,15}=0,045M\)
\(\left[H^+\right]=\left[OH^-\right]=\dfrac{9.10^{-3}}{0,05+0,15}=0,045M\)
a, \(\left[Na^+\right]=0,1\)
\(\left[K^+\right]=0,1\)
\(\left[OH^-\right]=0,2\)
\(\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=0,2\)
\(\left[H^+\right]=0,4\)
b, \(n_{H^+}=0,1.0,4=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{OH^-}=0,1.0,2=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H^+dư}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0,02}{200}=10^{-4}\)
\(\Rightarrow pH=4\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0,15.0,6=0,09\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,05.0,15=0,0075\left(mol\right)\\ 2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,09}{2}>\dfrac{0,0075}{2}\Rightarrow NaOHdư\\ n_{NaOH\left(dư\right)}=0,09-2.0,0075=0,075\left(mol\right)\\ \left[OH^-\right]=\left[NaOH\right]=\dfrac{0,075}{0,15+0,05}=0,375\left(M\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\)