Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.
MEMORY
"Memorize these words". "Learn this spelling rule". "Don't forget about the quiz tomorrow".
You remember things every day, but how do you do it?
When you want to call a store or an office that you don't call often, you look in the telephone book for the number. You dial the number, and then you forget it! You use your short-term memory to remember the number. Your short-term memory lasts about 30 seconds, or half a minute. However, you don't need to look in the telephone book for your best friend’s number because you already know it. This information is in your long-term memory. Your long-term memory has everything that you remember through the years.
Why do you forget things sometimes? Is there a reason? Yes, there are several. The major reason for forgetting something is that you did not learn it well in the beginning. For example, you meet some new people, and right away, you forget their names. You hear the names but you do not learn them, so you forget them.
You can help yourself remember better. Here are some ideas:
1. Move information from your short-term memory to your long-term memory. You can do this if you practice the new information. Say it to yourself out loud. Think about it.
2. After you learn something, study it again and again. Learn it more than you need to. This process is called overlearning. For example, when you learn new words, practice using them in sentences. Don't try to memorize words from a list only.
3. Make sure that you understand new information. It is very difficult to remember something that you don't understand. Ask questions when you learn something new to be certain that you understand.
4. Do not listen to music or watch TV when you study. You will remember better if you concentrate on one thing at a time.
5. Try to connect new information with something that you already know. For example, when you learn the name of a new kind of food, think of a similar kind of food that you already know.
6. Divide new information into several parts (about five or six). Learn one part at time and stop for few minutes. Don't sit down and try to learn a very large amount of new information all at once.
7. Try to make a picture in your mind. For example, if you hear or see a new word, make a picture of how it looks to you in your mind. This “mental” picture will help you remember that word the next time you see or hear it.
8. Think of word clues to help you remember information. One very helpful kind of word clue is an acronym. An acronym is a word formed from the first letter of a group of words. For example, many American schoolchildren learn the names of the Great Lakes in the North America by remembering the word homes. Homes is an acronym that comes from the names of the Great Lakes: Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, Superior.
9. Relax when you study! Try to enjoy yourself. You are learning new things every minute. You will remember better if you are happy and relaxed.
The following things should help you remember things better when you study, EXCEPT______.
A. asking questions when you don’t understand something
B. connecting new information with something you already know
C. trying to learn a large amount of new information all at once
D. overlearning them
between a hare and a tortoise. First, the (1)
The first thing you should (0) ....realize..... is that it might (1)___take____ you a while to get used to living in another country, because you will probably (2) ___miss______ your family and friends a lot in the first few weeks. All sorts of (3) __things_____ may be different - the food, the daily timetable, the customs, the weather and the language. The last of these is, in a way, the most important, as you need to be able to communicate in order to make the most of your (4)__abilities______. So I advise you to find a good school, where you'll (5) _meet________ new friends and improve your language skills.
(6)____If____ you can socialize and talk to people, you'll feel more confident, and will really start to (7) ___assert____ yourself. That's a good time to explore all the entertainment and sporting facilities in the school, town or village where you're staying, or even (8) ___travel___ round the country. If you maintain a positive attitude, you will (9) ____definitely_______ have a good time, and take lots of memorable (10) _____expreriences________ back home with you.
(Điều đầu tiên bạn nên (0) .... nhận ra ..... là có thể (1) ___ bạn phải mất một thời gian để làm quen với cuộc sống ở một đất nước khác, bởi vì bạn có thể sẽ (2) nhớ gia đình và bạn bè của bạn rất nhiều trong vài tuần đầu tiên. Tất cả (3) __mọi thứ_____ có thể khác nhau - thức ăn, thời gian biểu hàng ngày, phong tục, thời tiết và ngôn ngữ. Điều cuối cùng trong số này, theo một cách nào đó, là quan trọng nhất, vì bạn cần có khả năng giao tiếp để tận dụng tối đa (4) __khả năng______ của bạn. Vì vậy, tôi khuyên bạn nên tìm một trường học tốt, nơi bạn sẽ (5) _gặp những người bạn mới và cải thiện kỹ năng ngôn ngữ của bạn.
(6) ____ Nếu____ bạn có thể giao tiếp và nói chuyện với mọi người, bạn sẽ cảm thấy tự tin hơn, và thực sự sẽ bắt đầu (7) ___khẳng định___ bản thân. Đó là thời điểm tốt để khám phá tất cả các cơ sở giải trí và thể thao trong trường học, thị trấn hoặc ngôi làng nơi bạn đang ở, hoặc thậm chí (8) ___đi du lịch___ trên khắp đất nước. Nếu bạn duy trì một thái độ tích cực, bạn sẽ (9) ____ chắc chắn ____ sẽ có một khoảng thời gian vui vẻ, và mang theo rất nhiều điều đáng nhớ (10) _____trải nghiệm________ trở về nhà với bạn.)