Cho a,b,c là 3 số dương và \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{2}{b}\). Chứng minh rằng:
\(\dfrac{a+b}{2a-b}+\dfrac{c+b}{2c-b}\ge4\).
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
giả sử \(\dfrac{a+b}{2a-b}\dfrac{c+b}{2c-b}< 4\)
\(< =>\dfrac{a+b}{2a-b}+\dfrac{c+b}{2c-b}-4< 0\)
\(< =>\dfrac{2ac-ab+2bc-b^2+2ac-bc+2ab-b^2-2bc+4b^2+4ac-2ab}{4ac-2ab-2bc+b^2}< 0\)
<=> \(\dfrac{8ac-bc-ab+2b^2}{4ac-2\left(ab+bc\right)+b^2}< 0\)
\(\left(do\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{2}{b}< =>\dfrac{a+c}{ac}=\dfrac{2}{b}< =>ab+bc=2ac\right)\)
<=> \(\dfrac{8ac-2ac+2b^2}{b^2}< 0< =>\dfrac{6ac+2b^2}{b^2}< 0\)
mà a,b,c là số dương theo giả thiết nên \(\dfrac{6ac+2b^2}{b^2}\)không thể bé hơn 0
=> giả sử sai => \(\dfrac{a+b}{2a-b}+\dfrac{c+b}{2c-b}-4\) phải lớn hơn hoặc bằng 0
=> \(\dfrac{a+b}{2a-b}+\dfrac{c+b}{2c-b}\) lớn hơn hoặc bằng 4 (Đpcm)
mình nghĩ nếu giải bám sát thì sẽ xác thực hơn là giải sử vậy cách giải nên chỉ tính cái cần cm minh rồi đổi vế rồi dựa vào điều kiện người ta cho thì hay hơn
\(A=\dfrac{a^2}{ab+2ac}+\dfrac{b^2}{bc+2ab}+\dfrac{c^2}{ca+2bc}>=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\)>=1
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+2b^2}=a-\dfrac{2ab^2}{a^2+2b^2}\ge a-\dfrac{2ab^2}{3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^4}}=a-\dfrac{2}{3}\sqrt[3]{ab^2}\ge a-\dfrac{2}{9}\left(a+b+b\right)=a-\dfrac{2}{9}\left(a+2b\right)\) Chứng minh tương tự ta được:
\(\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+2c^2}\ge b-\dfrac{2}{9}\left(b+2c\right);\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+2a^2}\ge c-\dfrac{2}{9}\left(c+2a\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+2b^2}+\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+2c^2}+\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+2a^2}\ge a+b+c-\dfrac{2}{9}\left(a+2b+b+2c+c+2a\right)=a+b+c-\dfrac{2}{9}\left(3a+3b+3c\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot3\sqrt[3]{abc}=1\)Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^2c}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{b+c}{4bc}+\dfrac{1}{2b}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{b^2c\left(b+c\right)}{8a^3\left(b+c\right)b^2c}}=\dfrac{3}{2a}\\\dfrac{c^2a}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{c+a}{4ca}+\dfrac{1}{2c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{c^2a\left(c+a\right)}{8b^3\left(c+a\right)c^2a}}=\dfrac{3}{2b}\\\dfrac{a^2b}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{a+b}{4ab}+\dfrac{1}{2a}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a^2b\left(a+b\right)}{8c^3\left(a+b\right)a^2b}}=\dfrac{3}{2c}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^2c}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4c}+\dfrac{1}{4b}+\dfrac{1}{2b}\ge\dfrac{3}{2a}\\\dfrac{c^2a}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4a}+\dfrac{1}{4c}+\dfrac{1}{2c}\ge\dfrac{3}{2b}\\\dfrac{a^2b}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4b}+\dfrac{1}{4a}+\dfrac{1}{2a}\ge\dfrac{3}{2c}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^2c}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4c}+\dfrac{3}{4b}\ge\dfrac{3}{2a}\\\dfrac{c^2a}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4a}+\dfrac{3}{4c}\ge\dfrac{3}{2b}\\\dfrac{a^2b}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4b}+\dfrac{3}{4a}\ge\dfrac{3}{2c}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow VT+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b^2c}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{c^2a}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{a^2b}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\) ( đpcm )
\(\dfrac{a}{b+2c}+\dfrac{b}{c+2a}+\dfrac{c}{a+2b}=\dfrac{a^2}{ab+2ac}+\dfrac{b^2}{bc+2ab}+\dfrac{c^2}{ac+2bc}\)
áp dụng BDT CAUCHY SCHAWRZ
\(=>\dfrac{a^2}{ab+2ac}+\dfrac{b^2}{bc+2ab}+\dfrac{c^2}{ac+2bc}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab+bc+ac+2ac+2ab+2bc}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\ge\dfrac{3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}{3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}=1\)
cái chỗ bđt cauchy là bđt gì bạn có thể ghi cụ thể nó ra được ko ạ
\(\dfrac{bc}{a+b+c+a}\le\dfrac{bc}{4}\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)\\ \dfrac{ac}{b+c+a+b}\le\dfrac{ac}{4}\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\right)\\ \dfrac{ab}{a+c+b+c}\le\dfrac{ab}{4}\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow VT\le\dfrac{1}{a+b}\left(\dfrac{bc}{4}+\dfrac{ac}{4}\right)+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\left(\dfrac{bc}{4}+\dfrac{ab}{4}\right)+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\left(\dfrac{ac}{4}+\dfrac{ab}{4}\right)\\ =\dfrac{1}{a+b}\cdot\dfrac{c\left(a+b\right)}{4}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\cdot\dfrac{b\left(a+c\right)}{4}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\cdot\dfrac{a\left(b+c\right)}{4}\\ =\dfrac{c}{4}+\dfrac{b}{4}+\dfrac{a}{4}\\ =\dfrac{a+b+c}{4}\left(đfcm\right)\)
11/Theo BĐT AM-GM,ta có; \(ab.\frac{1}{\left(a+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)}\le\frac{ab}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)\)\(=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{ab}{b+c}\right)\)
Tương tự với hai BĐT kia,cộng theo vế và rút gọn ta được đpcm.
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a= b=c
Ơ vãi,em đánh thiếu abc dưới mẫu,cô xóa giùm em bài kia ạ!
9/ \(VT=\frac{\Sigma\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)}{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{ab+bc+ca+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+8+abc+\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
\(\le\frac{ab+bc+ca+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+9+3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}}\)
\(=\frac{ab+bc+ca+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{ab+bc+ca+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}=1\left(Q.E.D\right)\)
"=" <=> a = b = c = 1.
Mong là lần này không đánh thiếu (nãy tại cái tội đánh ẩu)
Câu hỏi của Miamoto Shizuka - Toán lớp 8 | Học trực tuyến