Phân tích đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a) \(4x\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)+y^2z^2\)
b) \(\left(x-y\right)^3+\left(y-z\right)^3+\left(z-x\right)^3\)
c) \(x^2y^2\left(y-x\right)+y^2z^2\left(z-y\right)-z^2x^2\left(z-x\right)\)
d) \(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\)
b, \(\left(x-y\right)^3+\left(y-z\right)^3+\left(z-x\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x-y\right)-\left(y-z\right)^2\left[\left(x-y\right)+\left(z-x\right)\right]+\left(z-x\right)^2\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x-y\right)-\left(y-z\right)^2\left(x-y\right)-\left(y-z\right)^2\left(z-x\right)+\left(z-x\right)^2\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(y-z\right)^2\right]-\left(z-x\right)\left[\left(y-z\right)^2-\left(z-x\right)^2\right]\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y-y+z\right)\left(x-y+y-z\right)-\left(z-x\right)\left(y-z-z+x\right)\left(y-z+z-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-2y+z\right)\left(x-z\right)-\left(z-x\right)\left(y-2z+x\right)\left(y-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-2y+z\right)\left(x-z\right)-\left(x-z\right)\left(y-2z+x\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(x-2y+z-y+2z-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(3z-3y\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(z-y\right)\)
c, \(x^2y^2\left(y-x\right)+y^2z^2\left(z-y\right)-z^2x^2\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=x^2y^2\left(y-x\right)-y^2z^2\left[\left(y-x\right)-\left(z-x\right)\right]-z^2x^2\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=x^2y^2\left(y-x\right)-y^2z^2\left(y-x\right)+y^2z^2\left(z-x\right)-z^2x^2\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2y^2-y^2z^2\right)\left(y-x\right)+\left(y^2z^2-z^2x^2\right)\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=y^2\left(x-z\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(y-x\right)+z^2\left(y-x\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=y^2\left(x-z\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(y-x\right)-z^2\left(y-x\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)\left[y^2\left(x+z\right)-z^2\left(x+y\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)\left(y^2x+y^2z-z^2x-z^2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)\left[x\left(y^2-z^2\right)+yz\left(y-z\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)\left[x\left(y-z\right)\left(y+z\right)+yz\left(y-z\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(xy+xz+yz\right)\)
d, \(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xyz-3xy\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)z+z^2\right]-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz+z^2-3xy\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz\right)\)