Cho 6g hỗn hợp Mg và MgO t/d dd HCl 20% (D=1,1g/ml) thu đc 2,24l khí ở đktc
a)Tinh % về kluog MgO trog hỗn hợp
b) Tính V dd HCl?
c)Tính C% dd muối sau Pứ
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Mg +2HCl\(\rightarrow\)MgCl2+ H2
MgO+2HCl\(\rightarrow\)MgCl2+H2O
ta có nH2 =\(\frac{2,24}{22,4}\)=0,1 mol
Theo pthh 1 :nH2=nMg =0,1 mol
\(\rightarrow\)mMg=0,1.24 =2,4 g
\(\rightarrow\)mMgO =6-2,4=3,6g
nMgO =\(\frac{3,6}{40}\)=0,09 mol
%mMgO =\(\frac{3,6}{6}.100\%\)=60%
Ta co nHCl =2nMg =0,2 mol
nHCl =2nMgO =0,18 mol
mHCl=(0,18+0,2).36,5=13,87 g
VHCl=\(\frac{13,87}{1}.1\)=12,6ml
Bài 1: Gọi kl hóa trị II là A; kl hóa trị III là B
\(A+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2\)
\(2B+6HCl\rightarrow2BCl_3+3H_2\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,5.0,02=0,01mol\)
Theo ĐLBTKL: mmuối khan = \(4,6+0,01.36,5-0,005.2=4,955g\)
Bài 2: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2o\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05mol=n_{Mg}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=1,2g\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=2g\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{1,2.100}{3,2}=37,5\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{MgO}=62,5\%\)
\(m_{ddsaupư}=3,2+246,9-0,05.2=250g\)
\(C\%ddMgCl_2=\dfrac{0,05.96}{250}.100\%=1,92\%\)
\(\text{nCO2= 4,48:22,4=0,2 mol}\)
MgO + 2HCl -> MgCl2+ H2O
MgCO3 +2 HCl -> MgCl2+ H2O + CO2
mol 0,2....<- 0,4.....<-0,2 .................<-0,2
\(\Rightarrow\text{ mMgCO3=0,2.84=16,8(g) }\)
\(\Rightarrow\text{mMgO=20,8-16,8=4g}\)
\(\Rightarrow\text{%MgCO3= 16,8:20,8.100%=80,77%}\)
\(\Rightarrow\text{ %MgO=100-80,77=19,23%}\)
\(\text{b, nMgO=4÷ 0,1(mol)}\)
Theo PTHH 1: n HCl= 2n MgO= 0,1.2= 0,2
\(\text{nHCl = 2nMgCO3= 0,2.2= 0,4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\text{nHCl=0,2+0,4=0,6}\)
\(\Rightarrow\text{mHCl=0,6. 36,5=21,9g}\)
\(\Rightarrow\text{mddHCl= 21,9.100:7,3=300g}\)
\(\Rightarrow\text{ V= 300: 1,05=285,71g}\)
MgO+2HCl---->MgCl2+H2
MgCO3+2HCl--->MgCl2+H2O+CO2
n\(_{CO2}=\frac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pthh2
n\(_{MgCO3}=n_{CO2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
%m MgCO3=\(\frac{0,2.84}{20,8}.100\%=80,77\%\)
%m MgO=100-80,77=19,23%
b) mol HCl ở PT1 là n\(_{HCl}=2n_{MgO}=\frac{4}{40}.2=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
mol HCl ở pt2 là n\(_{HCl}=2n_{CO2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Tổng mol HCl =0,2+0,4=0,6(mol)
m\(_{ddHCl}=\frac{0,6.36,5.100}{7,3}=300\left(g\right)\)
V HCl=300/1,05=285,71(l)
c) Theo pthh1
n\(_{MgCl2}=n_{MgO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
m dd sau pư=300+20,8-8,8=312(g)
Theo pthh2
n\(_{MgCl2}=n_{CO2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
C% MgCl2 =\(\frac{0,3.95}{312}.100\%=9,13\%\)
\(a.PTHH:\)
\(Mg+2HCl--->MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\left(1\right)\)
\(MgO+2HCl--->MgCl_2+H_2O\left(2\right)\)
b. ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT(1): \(n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=12-0,2.24=7,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%_{MgO}=\dfrac{7,2}{12}.100\%=60\%\)
c. Ta có: \(n_{hh}=0,2+\dfrac{7,2}{40}=0,38\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT(1,2): \(n_{HCl}=2.n_{hh}=2.0,38=0,76\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,76.36,5=27,74\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=138,7\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{dd_{HCl}}=126\left(ml\right)\)
Ta có:
\(n_{H2}=\frac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Mg}=n_{H2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\frac{2,4}{12}.100\%=20\%\\\%m_{MgO}=100\%-20\%=80\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{MgO}=6-2,4=3,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{MgO}=\frac{3,6}{40}=0,09\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,38\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,38.36,5=13,87\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\frac{13,87}{1,1}=12,6\left(l\right)\)
Mà dd HCl chỉ bằng 20% nên:
\(\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\frac{12,6.20}{100}=2,512\left(ml\right)\)
Mg +2HCl => MgCl2+ H2 [1]
MgO+2HCl=>MgCl2+H2O [2]
ta có nH2 =2,24:22,4=0,1 mol
theo pthh 1 ;nH2=nMg =0,1 mol
=>mMg=0,1.24 =2,4 g
=>mMgO =6-2,4=3,6g
nMgO =3,6:40=0,09 mol
%mMgO =3,6:6.100=60%
b,theo othh ;1 va 2 ta co nHCl =2nMg =0,2 mol
nHCl =2nMgO =0,18 mol
mHCl=[0,18+0,2].36,5=13,87 g
VHCl=13,87:1.1=12,6ml
câu c nz bn ơi