Question

[Duong Thi Nhuong]

Cho a,b,c là 3 cạnh tam giác. Chứng minh \(\dfrac{a}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{b}{a+c-b}+\dfrac{c}{a+b-c}\ge3\)

Answer 1

[Đức Minh]

C1 : Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM ta có :

\(\sum\dfrac{a}{b+c-a}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{abc}{\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(c+a-b\right)}}\ge3\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a = b = c.

C2 : Theo Cauchy Schwarz :

\(\sum \frac{a}{b+c-a}\geq \sum \frac{a^2}{ab+ac-a^2}\geq \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{2(ab+ca+bc)-a^2-b^2-c^2}\geq \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{\frac{2}{3}(a+b+c)^2-\frac{1}{3}(a+b+c)^2}=3\)

(đpcm).

Answer 2

[Lê Thiên Anh]

Đặt b+c-a=x, c+a-b=y, a+b-c=z thì 2a =y+z, 2b +x+z, 2c +x+y. Ta có:

\(\dfrac{2a}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{2b}{a+c-b}+\dfrac{2c}{a+b-c}\)

= \(\dfrac{y+z}{x}+\dfrac{x+z}{y}+\dfrac{x+y}{z}\)

=\(\left(\dfrac{y}{x}+\dfrac{x}{y}\right)+\left(\dfrac{z}{x}+\dfrac{x}{z}\right)+\left(\dfrac{z}{y}+\dfrac{y}{z}\right)\)(1)

Mà \(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}-2=\dfrac{x^2+y^2-2xy}{xy}=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{xy}\ge0\)( vì xy >0)

\(\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\ge2\)(2)

Tương tự: \(\dfrac{z}{x}+\dfrac{x}{z}\ge2\)(3)

\(\dfrac{z}{y}+\dfrac{y}{z}\ge2\)(4)

Từ (1),(2),(3) và (4):

\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(\dfrac{y}{x}+\dfrac{x}{y}\right)+\left(\dfrac{z}{x}+\dfrac{x}{z}\right)+\left(\dfrac{z}{y}+\dfrac{y}{z}\right)\)\(\ge6\)

Hay \(\dfrac{2a}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{2b}{a+c-b}+\dfrac{2c}{a+b-c}\) \(\ge6\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{a}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{b}{a+c-b}+\dfrac{c}{a+b-c}\ge3\)(đpcm)