Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử :
a ) \(x^3-7x-6\) b ) \(x^3-19x-30\)
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a ) \(x^3-7x-6=x^3-x-6x-6=x^3-x-6\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=x\left(x^2-1\right)-6\left(x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left[x\left(x-1\right)-6\right]\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left[\left(x^2-x-6\right)\right]=\left(x+1\right)\left[\left(x^2+2x-3x-6\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left[x\left(x+2\right)-3\left(x+2\right)\right]=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
b )
\(x^3-19x-30=\left(x^3-9x\right)-\left(10x+30\right)=x\left(x^2-9\right)-10\left(x+3\right)\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x-10\right)=\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x-5\right)\)
c )
\(a^3-6a^2+11a-6=\left(a-3\right)\left(a-2\right)\left(a-1\right).\)
\(x^3-5x^2-14x\)
\(=x^3+2x^2-7x^2-14x\)
\(=x^2\left(x+2\right)-7x\left(x+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-7x\right)\)
\(=x\left(x+2\right)\left(x-7\right)\)
\(x^3-7x-6\)
\(=x^3+x^2-x^2-x-6x-6\)
\(=x^2\left(x+1\right)-x\left(x+1\right)-6\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x-6\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+2x-3x-6\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left[x\left(x+2\right)-3\left(x+2\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
\(x^3-19x-30\)
\(=x^3-5x^2+5x^2-25x+6x-30\)
\(=x^2\left(x-5\right)+5x\left(x-5\right)+6\left(x-5\right)\)
\(=\left(x-5\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x-5\right)\left(x^2+2x+3x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x-5\right)\left[x\left(x+2\right)+3\left(x+2\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-5\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
a) a4 + a2 - 2
a4 + 2a2 - a2 - 2
a2.( a2 + 2 ) - ( a2 + 2 )
( a2 - 1 ).( a2 + 2 )
( a + 1 ).( a - 1 ).( a2 +2 )
b) x4 + 4x2 - 5
x4 + 5x2 - x2 - 5
x2.( x2 + 5 ) - ( x2 + 5 )
( x2 - 1 ).( x2 + 5 )
( x + 1 ).( x - 1 ).( x2 + 5 )
c) x3 - 19x - 30
x3 + 2x2 - 2x2 + 4x - 15x - 30
x2( x + 2 ) - 2x.( x + 2 ) - 15.( x + 2 )
( x + 2 ).( x2 - 2x - 15 )
d) x3 - 7x - 6
x3 - 3x2 + 3x2 - 9x + 2x - 6
x2.( x - 3 ) + 3x.( x - 3 ) + 2.( x - 3 )
( x - 3 ).( x2 + 3x +2 )
( x - 3 ).( x2 + 2x + x + 2 )
( x - 3 ).( x.( x + 2 ) + ( x + 2 )
( x + 1 ).( x + 2 ).( x - 3 )
e) x3 - 5x2 - 14x
x3 - 7x2 + 2x2 - 14x
x2.( x - 7 ) + 2x.( x - 7 )
( x - 7 ).( x2 + 2x )
x.( x + 2 ).( x - 7 )
\(x^2-x-6=x^2+2x-3x-6=x\left(x+2\right)-3\left(x+2\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
\(x^3-19x-30=x^3+6x-25x-30=x\left(x^2-25\right)+6x-30=x\left(x^2-25\right)+6\left(x-5\right)\)
\(=x\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)+6\left(x-5\right)=\left(x-5\right)\left[\left(x\right)\left(x+5\right)+6\right]\)
x^3-19x-30
=x^3-25x+6x-30
=x(x^2-25)+6(x-5)
=x(x+5)(x-5)+6(x-5)
=(x-5)(x^2+5x+6)
=(x-5)(x^2+2x+3x+6)
=(x-5)[x(x+2)+3(x+2)]
=(x-5)(x+2)(x+3)
\(a,x^2-5=x^2-\left(\sqrt{5}\right)^2=\left(x-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{5}\right)\)
\(b,x^4+x^3+x+1=x^3.\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right).\left(x^3+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
\(c,x^3-19x-30=x^3-25x+6x-30\)
\(=x.\left(x^2-25\right)+6.\left(x-5\right)\)
\(=x.\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)+6.\left(x-5\right)\)
\(=\left(x-5\right).\left[x\left(x+5\right)+6\right]\)
\(=\left(x-5\right).\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x-5\right).\left(x^2+2x+3x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x-5\right)\left[x.\left(x+2\right)+3.\left(x+2\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-5\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
a) \(x^2-x-2=x^2+x-2x-2=x\left(x+1\right)-2\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
a) \(x^2-x-2=x^2-2x+x-2=x\left(x-2\right)+\left(x-2\right)=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
b) \(x^3-19x-30==x^3+2x^2-2x^2-4x-15x-30=x^2\left(x+2\right)-2x\left(x+2\right)-15\left(x+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+2x-15\right)=\left(x+2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x+5\right)\)
c) \(x^3-6x^2+11x-6=x^3-x^2-5x^2+5x+6x-6=x^2\left(x-1\right)-5x\left(x-1\right)+6\left(x-1\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
Vì mình mới họ định lí mới nên minhfm uốn làm thử nếu cậu không hiểu tì hỏi mình để mình làm cách bình thường .
a ) Áp dụng định lí Bezout :
Đặt \(f\left(x\right)=x^3-7x-6,\) ta thấy \(f\left(-1\right)=0\) nên \(-1\) là một ước của \(f\left(x\right)\).
Vậy \(f\left(x\right)\) chia hết cho \(\left(x+1\right)\). Ta có : \(f\left(x\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x-6\right)\)
\(x^2-x-6=\left(x+2\right)\left(x-3\right)\).
Kết quả \(f\left(x\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
b ) Áp dụng định lí Bezout :
Đặt \(f\left(x\right)=x^3-19x-30.\)Xét một số ước của 30 , ta được \(f\left(-2\right)=0\).
Ta chia \(f\left(x\right)\) cho \(\left(x+2\right);f\left(x\right)=\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x-15\right)\)
\(x^2-2x-15\) nhận \(x=5\) làm nghiệm .
Do vậy \(f\left(x\right)=\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x-5\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt