Cho \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{b}\) CM :
a )\(\left(\frac{a-b}{c-d}\right)^2=\frac{ab}{cd}\)
b ) \(\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^3=\frac{a^3-b^3}{c^3-d^3}\)
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KN
1 tháng 8 2020
Xét \(\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}-\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}=\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}=a-b\)
Tương tự, ta được: \(\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}-\frac{c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}=b-c\); \(\frac{c^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}-\frac{a^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}=c-a\)
Cộng theo vế của 3 đẳng thức trên, ta được: \(\left(\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\right)\)\(-\left(\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{a^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\)\(=\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{a^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\)
Ta đi chứng minh BĐT phụ sau: \(a^2-ab+b^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\)(*)
Thật vậy: (*)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{3}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)*đúng*
\(\Rightarrow2LHS=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a^3+b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}=\Sigma_{cyc}\text{ }\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}\)\(\ge\Sigma_{cyc}\text{ }\frac{\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}=\frac{1}{3}\text{}\Sigma_{cyc}\left[\left(a+b\right)\right]=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow LHS\ge\frac{a+b+c}{3}=RHS\)(Q.E.D)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c
P/S: Có thể dùng BĐT phụ ở câu 3a để chứng minhxD:
27 tháng 7 2020
1) ta chứng minh được \(\Sigma\frac{a^4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}=\Sigma\frac{b^4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\)
\(VT=\frac{1}{2}\Sigma\frac{a^4+b^4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\ge\frac{1}{4}\Sigma\frac{a^2+b^2}{a+b}\ge\frac{1}{8}\Sigma\left(a+b\right)=\frac{a+b+c+d}{4}\)
bài 2 xem có ghi nhầm ko
22 tháng 10 2016
a) Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\begin{cases}a=kb\\c=kd\end{cases}\)
=> \(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{\left(kb\right)^2+b^2}{\left(kd\right)^2+d^2}=\frac{b^2\left(k^2+1\right)}{d^2\left(k^2+1\right)}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\) (1)
\(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{kbb}{kdd}=\frac{k.b^2}{k.d^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\) (1)
Từ (1) và (2) => \(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{ab}{cd}\)
b) Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}=k\)
Ta có: \(\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{b^3+c^3+d^3}=\frac{a^3}{b^3}=\frac{b^3}{c^3}=\frac{c^3}{d^3}=k^3\)
Mà: \(k^3=\frac{a}{d}\) => \(\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{b^3+c^3+d^3}=\frac{a}{d}\)
22 tháng 10 2016
a)Ta có:\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a}{c}\right)^2=\left(\frac{b}{d}\right)^2=\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{a}{c}\cdot\frac{b}{d}=\frac{ab}{cd}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{ab}{cd}\left(đpcm\right)\)
L
28 tháng 10 2017
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\)\(=>\hept{\begin{cases}a=b.k\\c=d.k\end{cases}}\)
\(\left(\frac{a-b}{c-d}\right)^2=\left(\frac{b.k-b}{d.k-d}\right)^2=\left(\frac{b.\left(k-1\right)}{d.\left(k-1\right)}\right)^2\)\(=\frac{\left(b^2.\left(k-1\right)^2\right)}{\left(d^2.\left(k-1\right)^2\right)}=\frac{b^2.\left(k-1\right)^2}{d^2.\left(k-1\right)^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)\(\left(1\right)\)
\(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{b.k.b}{d.k.d}=\frac{b^2.k}{d^2.k}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) => \(\left(\frac{a-b}{c-d}\right)^2=\frac{ab}{cd}\)
28 tháng 10 2017
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}\)= \(\frac{c}{d}\)= k => a= bk ; c = dk
\(\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}\) = \(\frac{\left(bk-b\right)^2}{\left(dk-d\right)^2}\)= \(\frac{b^2.\left(k-1\right)^2}{d^2.\left(k-1\right)^2}\)= \(\frac{b^2}{d^2}\) (1)
\(\frac{ab}{cd}\)= \(\frac{bk.b}{dk.d}\)= \(\frac{b^2}{d^2}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) ->> \(\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}\) = \(\frac{ab}{cd}\)
21 tháng 7 2017
ta có:
\(\frac{3}{a+b}+\frac{2}{c+d}+\frac{a+b}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+d\right)}\ge\frac{3}{a+b}+\frac{2}{c+d}+\frac{4\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}\)
xét hiệu:
\(\frac{3}{a+b}+\frac{2}{c+d}+\frac{4\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}-\frac{12}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(=\frac{3}{a+b}+\frac{2}{c+d}-\frac{8\left(a+b\right)+12\left(c+d\right)}{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}\)
đặt a+b=x;c+d=y
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{a+b}+\frac{2}{c+d}-\frac{8\left(a+b\right)+12\left(c+d\right)}{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}=\frac{3}{x}+\frac{2}{y}-\frac{8x+12y}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\ge\frac{3}{x}+\frac{2}{y}-\frac{8x+12y}{4xy}=\frac{3}{x}+\frac{2}{y}-\frac{2}{y}-\frac{3}{x}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{a+b}+\frac{2}{c+d}+\frac{4\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}\ge\frac{12}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{a+b}+\frac{2}{c+d}+\frac{a+b}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+d\right)}\ge\frac{12}{a+b+c+d}\)
=>đpcm
dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=d
VT
21 tháng 10 2019
1) Áp dụng bunhiacopxki ta được \(\sqrt{\left(2a^2+b^2\right)\left(2a^2+c^2\right)}\ge\sqrt{\left(2a^2+bc\right)^2}=2a^2+bc\), tương tự với các mẫu ta được vế trái \(\le\frac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}+\frac{b^2}{2b^2+ac}+\frac{c^2}{2c^2+ab}\le1< =>\)\(1-\frac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+1-\frac{ac}{2b^2+ac}+1-\frac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\le2< =>\)
\(\frac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+\frac{ac}{2b^2+ac}+\frac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\ge1\)<=> \(\frac{b^2c^2}{2a^2bc+b^2c^2}+\frac{a^2c^2}{2b^2ac+a^2c^2}+\frac{a^2b^2}{2c^2ab+a^2b^2}\ge1\) (1)
áp dụng (x2 +y2 +z2)(m2+n2+p2) \(\ge\left(xm+yn+zp\right)^2\)
(2a2bc +b2c2 + 2b2ac+a2c2 + 2c2ab+a2b2). VT\(\ge\left(bc+ca+ab\right)^2\) <=> (ab+bc+ca)2. VT \(\ge\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2< =>VT\ge1\) ( vậy (1) đúng)
dấu '=' khi a=b=c
a)Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\)
Suy ra \(\begin{cases}a=bk\\c=dk\end{cases}\)\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a-b}{c-d}\right)^2=\frac{ab}{cd}\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{bk-b}{dk-d}\right)^2=\frac{bkb}{dkd}\)
Xét VT \(\left(\frac{bk-b}{dk-d}\right)^2=\left(\frac{b\left(k-1\right)}{d\left(k-1\right)}\right)^2=\left(\frac{b}{d}\right)^2=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\left(1\right)\)
Xét VP \(\frac{bkb}{dkd}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) =>Đpcm
Giải:
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\)
Ta có:
\(a=bk\)
\(c=dk\)
a) Ta có:
\(\left(\frac{a-b}{c-d}\right)^2=\left(\frac{bk-b}{dk-d}\right)^2=\left[\frac{b\left(k-1\right)}{d\left(k-1\right)}\right]^2=\left(\frac{b}{d}\right)^2\) (1)
\(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{bkb}{dkd}=\frac{b^2.k}{d^2.k}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\left(\frac{b}{d}\right)^2\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\left(\frac{a-b}{c-d}\right)^2=\frac{ab}{cd}\left(đpcm\right)\)
b) Ta có:
\(\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^3=\left(\frac{bk+b}{dk+d}\right)^3=\left[\frac{b\left(k+1\right)}{d\left(k+1\right)}\right]^3=\left(\frac{d}{b}\right)^3\) (1)
\(\frac{a^3-b^3}{c^3-d^3}=\frac{\left(bk\right)^3-b^3}{\left(dk\right)^3-d^3}=\frac{b^3.k^3-b^3}{d^3.k^3-d^3}=\frac{b^3.\left(k^3-1\right)}{d^3.\left(k^3-1\right)}=\frac{b^3}{d^3}=\left(\frac{b}{d}\right)^3\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra\(\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^3=\frac{a^3-b^3}{c^3-d^3}\) (đpcm)